>>213068200 (OP)not much, in terms of governance scotland has more constitutional layers with scots law (but are still subject to the laws and parliament of the UK), a devolved scottish parliament, england has a million fucking ways you can divide the regions up and a million different types of local authority that nobody can keep track of whereas in scotland it's more sensible bureaucratically
in terms of culture it's 99% overlap, lots of people would claim that those in the north of england share more in common with those in scotland than those in the south of england, most of the grievances scottish people have with the whole of england are shared with northern england (in their case directed toward the south-east especially)
in terms of scenery england has much more liminal land, you're almost never more than 10 miles from a large town or city, whereas in scotland the country is quite clearly demarcated into the lowlands (basically an extension of england both culturally and visually), the central belt (more densely populated than most of england) and the highlands & islands (much more rural than anywhere in england)