>>63968846>long gun >>>>> hand gunIf you're talking about shotguns, the problems, in order of severity, are (1) reliability (2) safety (3) capacity
Reliability: In my experience, shotguns have feed problems often - an order of magnitude more than other weapons. Worse, feed issues are difficult to clear; essentially impossible to clear in the dark, and under stress. I just can't trust them.
Safety: you cannot keep a shotgun in condition 1. You have to keep it in "cruiser-ready" ...and then hope you can feed that first round under stress.
Capacity: arguably not an issue, since you trade capacity for power. It depends on the defensive situation. But if you burn up your X rounds, and the threat still exists, you're absolutely fucked.
That said, I lived through hurricane katrina and was cut off from civilization for a while. I was very thankful to have a shotgun, but I also kept a handgun in a holster. If I had to choose one, I would choose the handgun.
If by "long gun" you mean a rifle, you need to clarify that you're talking about some specialty rifle. Because if you take a typical AR-15 in 5.56x45 and you fire it inside your house, you're gonna have a bad time. Enjoy hearing EEEEEEEEEE for the rest of your life.
A responsible gun owner should have a handgun, a shotgun, and a rifle. If a burglar breaks in at 2 AM, get your handgun first. If there's time, you can get the shotgun next.