>>24456448>GermansWrong. It was mostly Tatars.
https://t.me/tolk_tolk/24448
Russian tsars often did not even require Tatar murzas to convert to Orthodoxy. This excerpt from Shvatchenko's works is striking in how Muslim the Ryazan region still was at the beginning of the 19th century:
*"The Moscow government was very tolerant toward Tatars converting to Orthodoxy. For example, the Bordakov Tatars. In 1595, there were no signs that they were Orthodox. Yet they were all registered. And so until 1678, they remained in their faith, with no Orthodox among them. This was in Ryazan district. When we mapped this data onto the general land survey and calculated the changes within the Ryazan province and the adjacent lands of the 16th-century Ryazan estates, it turned out that by 1800, there were 46 mosques in Ryazan and 24,000 Tatars and murzas settled in cities. They did not live in villages."*
There was a period in the 17th century when lands were granted only to foreign elites:
"In the 17th century, this policy became more pronounced. At one point in Nizhny Novgorod district, it was forbidden to grant lands to Russian nobles—only foreigners were settled there. And then (this is also interesting) as part of land colonization, they (the foreigners) moved further and further down (along the Volga)."
Shvatchenko’s remark about who the "Litvins" were—another group that arrived en masse in Russian lands—is also interesting:
"Of course, if it was determined whether someone was a Litvin, a Belarusian, or a Ukrainian, it was simple: Belarusians and Ukrainians were Orthodox. And if a Catholic came from this region, he was either a Pole or a Litvin."
(Though a Belarusian or Ukrainian could also be Catholic, in which case they would be classified as Litvins.)
And more on the terminology regarding foreigners who became Russian nobles:
"As T.A. Oparina notes, 'The ethnic background of immigrants was extremely diverse—one could say that Russia included ethnic groups from nearly all states of Europe and Asia Minor.' At the same time, immigrants from Western Europe were grouped under the ethnically indistinct term 'German.' The term 'Cherkashenin' referred to a Cossack from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. 'Grechenin' was an Orthodox Christian from the Ottoman Empire (including Greeks, Arab Christians, and sometimes South Slavs). The word 'Serbyanin' referred to Slavs who migrated from the Ottoman Empire. The term 'Voloshenin' denoted migrants from the Danubian Principalities and Transylvania. The word 'Kyzylbashinin' referred to those who came from Persia (Qizilbash, Persida).'"
(Yes, there were even several Persians who became "Russian nobles.")