>>24531238>"Orc bad, man good". Yawn.Orcs are massively underdeveloped, to Tokien's own admission, but that's not as much of a fault as it could be, because orcs and Sauron are ironically tangential to the LotR story.
The orcs and Sauron are not an evil force in of themselves, they are the consequence of arrogance, pride and lust for power in others - it Melkor first and foremost and in Isildur. The greatest obstacle on Frodo's journey is not orc armies, but his own feelings regarding the One Ring, and Gollum, who happens to a consequence of the same feelings and is also instrumental in the Ring's destruction. Orcs and Sauron themselves actually manage to be a threat only because the elves are tattered by their grief, and kingdoms of men are disunited, decayed and kingless.
The warriors of the story are not really fighting a Manifestation of Primordial Evil in orcs and their beasts and machines, they are fighting their own flaws, sins and mistakes, and those of their fathers, with Sauron and orcs just being vessels for those. It's one of the pillars of the world's melancholy, the Marring of Arda, that all of the loss and death and sacrifices involved are always were entirely avoidable, if Isildur/Saruman/Gollum/Boromir/Theoden/Denethor could only take a stand against their pride and lust for power, and through their courses we know that men who come after them will make more of the same mistakes and beget more sin which will beget more clashing of swords and spilling of blood. Not even Frodo could withstand the call of the Ring, what hope do lesser men have, except struggling on in the long defeat to their own weakest nature?