Anonymous
ID: Le8f3+yt
7/8/2025, 11:51:45 AM No.509818053
Jewish Role in Germany’s 1918–19 Revolution
Jews were key players in both moderate and radical wings of the German Revolution.
## In Government
- **Hugo Hasse** and **Otto Landesberg** (USPD): Ministers in the first post-monarchy cabinet.
- **Hugo Preuß**: Jewish legal scholar who drafted the Weimar Constitution.
## Revolutionary Leaders
- **Rosa Luxemburg** and **Leo Jogiches**: Led the Spartacus League and KPD.
- **Paul Levi**: KPD leader and organizer in the Ruhr.
- **Kurt Eisner**, **Gustav Landauer**, **Eugen Leviné**: Heads of the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
- **Erich Mühsam**, **Ernst Toller**: Jewish anarchists and cultural figures in the revolution.
## In Workers’ Councils
Jews were overrepresented in soviet-style councils in Munich, Bremen, Würzburg, and Alsace–Lorraine, often holding top posts.
## Why So Prominent?
- **Education**: 59% of Jews had secondary education vs. 8% of Germans.
- **Urban, intellectual networks**: Strong presence in Berlin and Munich.
- **Socialist alignment**: Many Jews saw socialism as a path to equality.
## Legacy
Jewish revolutionaries helped shape Germany’s democratic foundations. Their influence was later weaponized by anti-Semites, but their contributions remain vital.
Jews were key players in both moderate and radical wings of the German Revolution.
## In Government
- **Hugo Hasse** and **Otto Landesberg** (USPD): Ministers in the first post-monarchy cabinet.
- **Hugo Preuß**: Jewish legal scholar who drafted the Weimar Constitution.
## Revolutionary Leaders
- **Rosa Luxemburg** and **Leo Jogiches**: Led the Spartacus League and KPD.
- **Paul Levi**: KPD leader and organizer in the Ruhr.
- **Kurt Eisner**, **Gustav Landauer**, **Eugen Leviné**: Heads of the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
- **Erich Mühsam**, **Ernst Toller**: Jewish anarchists and cultural figures in the revolution.
## In Workers’ Councils
Jews were overrepresented in soviet-style councils in Munich, Bremen, Würzburg, and Alsace–Lorraine, often holding top posts.
## Why So Prominent?
- **Education**: 59% of Jews had secondary education vs. 8% of Germans.
- **Urban, intellectual networks**: Strong presence in Berlin and Munich.
- **Socialist alignment**: Many Jews saw socialism as a path to equality.
## Legacy
Jewish revolutionaries helped shape Germany’s democratic foundations. Their influence was later weaponized by anti-Semites, but their contributions remain vital.
Replies: