>>509863100While testing is available, significant challenges remain. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is one of the few areas where new HIV infections are on the rise.[14][15] Several factors contribute to this:
Stigma and discrimination: Strong social and cultural taboos surrounding HIV/AIDS, sexuality, and behaviors associated with HIV transmission can deter individuals from seeking testing and treatment.[15][16][17]
Lack of awareness: There are documented gaps in knowledge about HIV/AIDS among the general population, including young people.[16]
Legal barriers: Laws that criminalize certain behaviors can drive key populations at risk underground, making them hesitant to access health services for fear of legal repercussions.[17]
Low coverage for at-risk populations: Despite widespread mandatory testing for migrants, testing coverage for key populations at higher risk, such as sex workers and men who have sex with men, is often low.[1]
Confidentiality concerns: While some countries promote anonymous testing, many require identification and report positive results to national authorities, which can breach confidentiality and discourage testing.[1]