>>510711404No. Metallic cartridges pre-date smokeless by decades.
Many of those early cartridges made the transition, mostly out of economics - if you spent quite a bit of money on a weapon and all of a sudden there's this new powder, well, you don't want to go buying a new weapon do you?
So, they made the old cartridges with the new powder.
Eventually, technology advances made that more or less obsolete but any cartridge that made the transition will still function reliably in it's BP configuration
In general, any straight walled case will handle BP just fine.
38 SPL
357 Mag
45-70
50-70
44-40
45 Colt
12 ga shotguns
10 ga shotguns
Etc...
They may or may not stay in the same power class, so experimentation is in order, but they will work
There are exceptions to this straight wall case rule
30-30 being one. The Martini Henry is another - the 577/450
But "modern" cartridges (the 30-06 is 120 years old, so meh) won't do so well.