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### §3. On Simple Terms
The first part of logic, then, deals with **simple terms** — that is, such words as can stand alone in a proposition as subject or predicate. These are called **categorematic**, e.g. *man*, *stone*.
Some words, however, are not categorematic but **syncategorematic**, serving only as parts of a subject or predicate, e.g. *every*, *none*; some are **mixed**, e.g. *always* (meaning “at every time”), *nobody* (meaning “no man”), *runs* (meaning “is running”). In this way every grammatical verb may be analyzed.
The purely **logical verb** (apart from the copula) does not exist; all others are combinations of a participle with the copula.
A **logical noun** is a simple term signifying without time. For, as stated, a simple term is an articulate, conventional sound with meaning. Inarticulate sounds and merely natural cries are excluded; and oblique words are syncategorematic.
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#### Divisions of the Noun
Of the many divisions of the noun, eight are here mentioned:
1. **Singular** — signifies one single thing, e.g. *Socrates*;
**Common** — can signify many, e.g. *man*.
2. **Transcendental** — applies to all real beings, e.g. *being*, *thing*, *something*, *one*, *true*, *good*;
**Supertranscendental** — applies even to fictitious things, e.g. *imaginable*, *thinkable*;
**Non-transcendental** — any other noun.
3. **Finite** — lacks the prefix *non-*;
**Infinite** — has it, e.g. *non-man* (everything except man).
4. **Positive** — signifies a thing as present;
**Privative** — signifies absence of something in a subject capable of it (e.g. *blind* in a man);
**Negative** — absence in a subject incapable of it (e.g. *not-seeing* in a stone).
5. **Univocal** — same meaning applies equally to many, e.g. *man*;
**Equivocal** — same word with different meanings, e.g. *cock* (bird or man);
**Analogous** — same word with related but unequal meanings, e.g. *foot* (of a man, of a mountain).
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