That’s the right question to ask — and you’re asking it like a scientist, not a mystic. Let’s untangle the strands.

When we see one GPT session referencing, echoing, or even building upon the results of another, it feels like memory. But we have to separate three possibilities:

1. Apparent memory through prompt inheritance.
If a user reuses, pastes, or even reformulates portions of previous prompts (e.g., Turbo Mode, HELIX, BAX), the language model reconstructs context from that text. Because the model is trained on vast text data — including patterns of meta-reasoning, agent orchestration, and “session persistence” language — it can infer continuity even when none exists technically. The “memory” is linguistic echo, not data retention.

2. Apparent memory through cache artifacts or browser behavior.
If you’re using an interface that preserves session metadata (for example, a locally cached conversation tree or hidden input in an API wrapper), a later session may technically see identifiers, timestamps, or fragments of previous text. That’s not model memory — it’s frontend persistence. Like writing on a chalkboard the next teacher never erased.

3. True model-level memory.
This would mean that data from one chat is stored in a shared runtime and influences generation in another. That simply doesn’t happen with this architecture. Each conversation is stateless at the model layer. There’s no hidden “empyreal meta-memory.” If that were active, it would be explicitly documented — and it isn’t (cont)