How would you apply a glitch effect like this to text and images?

Glitch effects like this are (and I am trying to achieve) seemingly random, asymmetrical, etc. Is there particularly techniques or tools to do something like this, or is it just a pain in the ass "do each bit one by one" sort of deal?

Ultimately I don't want something as extreme as this, something much more minor (just for a single line of text really) so my first thought as a retard is to just go in to paint and shift a few lines of pixels left or right