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7/6/2025, 6:34:50 AM
>>509631630
In the 9th and 10th century Jews begin to spread across Germany. We find them in Magdeburg, Merseburg, Regensburg, Giessen, and Prague; primarily in the slave trade. It was of great importance for the Jews living among us that they had a center in the Mainz Rabbinical School.
They were by no means hindered from settling down and turning to agriculture; even the Jewish professor Graetz acknowledges the possibility of land acquisition. They did not become a trading and usurious people "through a harsh fate" [i.e. restrictions from the church]. At the end of this section, the close relations of the unfortunate Emperor Henry IV (1056-1106) with Judaism may be mentioned.
Probably, bitter necessity brought him into dependence on Jewish moneylenders. We have documents about his favors, especially towards the Jews in Worms and Speyer. In Speyer, the Jew-friendly Bishop Rudiger Huozmann had already granted the Jews, in 1084, alongside other freedoms, their own jurisdiction. In 1191, he was surpassed by the emperor, who determined that in a trial between Christians and Jews, judgment would be rendered according to Jewish law [in which a gentile had as little legal respite as did an animal]
In the 9th and 10th century Jews begin to spread across Germany. We find them in Magdeburg, Merseburg, Regensburg, Giessen, and Prague; primarily in the slave trade. It was of great importance for the Jews living among us that they had a center in the Mainz Rabbinical School.
They were by no means hindered from settling down and turning to agriculture; even the Jewish professor Graetz acknowledges the possibility of land acquisition. They did not become a trading and usurious people "through a harsh fate" [i.e. restrictions from the church]. At the end of this section, the close relations of the unfortunate Emperor Henry IV (1056-1106) with Judaism may be mentioned.
Probably, bitter necessity brought him into dependence on Jewish moneylenders. We have documents about his favors, especially towards the Jews in Worms and Speyer. In Speyer, the Jew-friendly Bishop Rudiger Huozmann had already granted the Jews, in 1084, alongside other freedoms, their own jurisdiction. In 1191, he was surpassed by the emperor, who determined that in a trial between Christians and Jews, judgment would be rendered according to Jewish law [in which a gentile had as little legal respite as did an animal]
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