>>40653061
Sort of. I wouldn't necessarily say these hypothetical gods of the neanderthals were, however, I think prehistoric religion absolutely is in general however.
Some useful books to look at are The Catalpa Bow and Pagan Britain in part, but I'll elaborate a bit here. We can tell a lot about the Proto-Indo-European religion based on reconstruction, and so we know that all the gods of Europe and much of the Indo-Aryan region share a common root. But we can see that there are other similar cases as well. There is the unified sort of "Shamanic" tradition that we can see from the North Eurasian regions and extending even into the Americas. The Bear Cults, for example, we can see similarities even between the Ainu and the Uralic peoples. There is an underlying shamanic tradition beneath Shinto, and we can see odd similarities between a lot of the Native American and the Eurasian religions.
These are just two sort of examples but we can see other weird similarities and patterns in other regions in archetypes and forms.
For the early Homo Sapiens, they seem likely to have followed similar beliefs of animism and possibly shamanic practice. However, we can actually see traces of animism even in more developed polytheistic religions of these areas. The Elves and spirits of Germanic religion, the Kami of Shinto, the fey of the Celts.
I think we can then see a lot of Polytheism as a development and codification of the earlier religions of prehistoric peoples, and that the figures we recognize as the Gods of Mesopotamia and the Indo-Europeans may have their origins as either ancient spirits worshiped there, or as deified ancestors.