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Jews actually believed in prayers for the dead
>2 Maccabees 12:42-46
They turned to prayer, begging that the sin which had been committed might be wholly blotted out.
… He (Judas Maccabeus) took up a collection… and sent it to Jerusalem to provide for a sin offering.
In doing this he acted very well and honorably, taking account of the resurrection.
For if he were not expecting that those who had fallen would rise again, it would have been superfluous and foolish to pray for the dead.
But if he was looking to the splendid reward that is laid up for those who fall asleep in godliness, it was a holy and pious thought.
Therefore he made atonement for the dead, that they might be delivered from their sin.
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But then the Pharisees banned all Greek literature because of the Jewish slaughter in the Roman-Judean war in 63-73AD. Maccabees was written in Greek and most Jews were Greek-speaking (and did not speak Hebrew like the old fashioned Pharisee religious jewish leaders); Jews converted to Catholicism and butthurt Pharisees ended up making their own Talmud.
Fun fact Macabees is the origin of Hannukah; so when they removed the bible, because so many Jews were celebrating Hannukah; they had to come up with a lore unrelated to Maccabees, which is where the story of the oil came from. But originally, the real story of Hannukah goes differently.