>>712838120Assuming unarmored opponents and no need for more than 4 to 8 shots, there is a fairly short range where shotguns could be as good as or better than a 5.56 rifle. Roughly 50 yards I'd say. The range where shotguns increase your hit probability is also even shorter - at close range the shot does not spread out that much, and eventually it spreads out too much. But you may have an advantage over an unarmored rifle user at, say, 35 yards. Even then your typical AR-type rifle may have better weight and handling than your typical pump action or semi auto shotgun. I suppose your typical shotgun combat scenario is home defense, so you can choose shot that is effective at close range but doesn't overpenetrate walls as much as rifle bullets would.
Shotguns really shine in their versatility for hunting various sizes of animals and hitting flying targets like birds or drones.
Video games like to exaggerate shotguns with some strengths and some weaknesses. Of all games Phantom Forces has some of the more accurate buckshot physics I have seen. Many people think the shotguns there are overpowered but they're somewhat balanced by penetration, prefiring tactics, range and velocity limitations. It is perfectly possible to make an FPS game with realistic shotguns that aren't OP depending on health/armor and map design.
IRL I'm no expert but I would not consider shotguns to be better than SMGS or assault rifles at very close range - at least not better enough to make a big difference. Even in my house, I wouldn't feel that I have an advantage with my 870 over an intruder who brought an AR. It is still one shot to kill or permanently maim for both weapons.
>>712862412It depends on the armor. A 1 oz slug could quite likely kill someone wearing soft armor, but with plate armor that distributes the force well there may not be serious injuries.
I recently saw a good video about this. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edl3Rk8Pr28