>>2067993 (OP)Jane's Fleet Command is the one I'm most familiar with, it's sort of a simulator but definitely on the more arcadey side of things. It's primarily about naval combat but obviously that includes carriers and by extension naval aviation. There's also at least one scenario where you take command of an airbase on land but it's not a focus.
There's also Sea Power which looks to be a more in-depth and modern take on the same general concept, I haven't played it but it looks neat.
Anyways my only gripe is that since they're actually naval combat games you're forced to command ships as well when all I really want to do is do aircraft carrier things.
As for mainstream RTS games I second Zero-K as probably the closest you'll get. I would argue that in terms of actual mechanics it's probably closer to WW2/Korea because so many of them rely on guns and dumb bombs over guided munitions, but on a conceptual level things like radar jamming, AEW aircraft and SEAD/DEAD that most games don't include are here to a certain extent. You're also not spoiled for choice when it comes to multirole aircraft but for the sake of fun it's probably for the best.