>>3967049Far as I know there's nothing with a direct connection, but several swords that belonged to the families that feature. For example, I think about three of the high rarity swords all were owned by the Ashikaga line at some point, but the only sword with a direct connection to Takauji is Honebami. Tsurumaru and someone else I'm forgetting belonged to the Hojo clan up until their demise, but Tokiyuki wouldn't have had any contact with the weapon, they would have been looted during the attack. A few of the tantou in the game are listed as belonging to the Ogasawara clan but I'm not sure if it's the right one because Buzen's trivia page notes there were two different Ogasawara clans in different regions.
Generally you can assume someone with major authority in Japanese history probably owned a bunch of artsy swords, either by political trade or by claiming them from the dead hands of their former owner. Which means Shinsengumi aside they're unlikely to have been used but were collected as wealth.