Cable Management edition

previous: >>105536170

READ THE WIKI! & help by contributing:
https://wiki.installgentoo.com/wiki/Home_server

/hsg/ is about learning and expanding your horizons. Know all about NAS? Learn virtualization. Spun up some VMs? Learn about networking by standing up a OPNsense/PFsense box and configuring some VLANs. There's always more to learn and chances to grow. Think you’re god-tier already? Setup OpenStack and report back.

>What software should I run?
Install Gentoo. Or whatever flavor of *nix is best for the job or most comfy for you. Jellyfin/Emby/Plex to replace Netflix, Nextcloud to replace Googlel, Ampache/Navidrome to replace Spotify, the list goes on. Look at the awesome self-hosted list and ask.

>Why should I have a home server?
De-botnet your life. Learn something new. Serving applications to yourself, your family, and your frens feels good. Put your tech skills to good use for yourself and those close to you. Store their data with proper availability redundancy and backups and serve it back to them with a /comfy/ easy to use interface.

>Links & resources
Cool stuff to host: https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted
https://reddit.com/r/datahoarder
https://www.labgopher.com
https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/wiki/index
https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Features
ARM-based SBCs: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PGaVu0sPBEy5GgLM8N-CvHB2FESdlfBOdQKqLziJLhQ
Low-power x86 systems: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1LHvT2fRp7I6Hf18LcSzsNnjp10VI-odvwZpQZKv_NCI
SFF cases https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AddRvGWJ_f4B6UC7_IftDiVudVc8CJ8sxLUqlxVsCz4/
Cheap disks: https://shucks.top/ https://diskprices.com/
PCIE info: https://files.catbox.moe/id6o0n.pdf
>i226-V NICs are bad for servers
>For more SATA ports, use PCIe SAS HBAs in IT mode
WiFi fixing: pastebin.com/raw/vXJ2PZxn
Cockpit is nice for remote administration

Remember:
RAID protects you from DOWNTIME
BACKUPS protect you from DATA LOSS

arch for servers (btw)

>>105572924
ubuntu for me. it just werks. plus landscape is cool.

i home serve my genitals

sirs what software do you use to manage your security cameras?

>>105572980
buy a dog.
security cameras are the equivalent of the cuck chair

>>105572994
what if they have automatic weapons attached to them?

>>105572980
Unifi protect

>>105573001
how will cameras protect you against that?

>>105572980
I'm gonna install Frigate soon. Doesn't seem to have any competition honestly. The only alternatives of note are either corposhit like unify or ring (in which case why are you in /hsg/), or blue iris which a lot of boomers seem to use, apparently it's pretty good but I am NOT running a windows server (also has questionable home assistant integration).

This (>>105572679) anon from last thread
I don't need constant redundancy really. Would there be any downside to having the included drive on a beelink eqr5 serve primarily for boot and software, use the second drive purely as NAS, then every now and then manually clone that drive to a normally disconnected SSD via USB C enclosure?

>>105573206
Sounds perfectly reasonable. The main downside is that if it shits the bed for any reason, you will lose all your data that is new since the last time you updated your backup. But frankly the odds of an SSD shitting the bed within the first year of use or so are pretty damn low, so in practice you'll be fiiiine.
I recommend btrfs for home use, it's got checksumming, and snapshots with btrbk make incremental backups really convenient.

>>105573253
Gotcha gotcha
I'll check out btrfs related docs and read over em
Ty!

>>105573253
Actually, regarding btrfs, is there any particular distro you recommend?
For NAS solutions I've seen recs for openmediavault, samba paired with a distro, etc., and I believe that most of what I've seen except trueNAS support btrfs
I remember that an anon in the previous mentioned that a raid setup wouldn't work very well on the mini box because of the two drives, and to that point unraid looks kind of interesting as a paid option. Though I'm not sure if the btrfs raid 1 setup actually necessitates a third drive? My second guess is that the second drive only serves as a backup pretty much while the first is the OS plus NAS partition or something like that
Sorry may be a kinda stupid/uninformed line of questioning

>>105574077
arch
no, really. archinstall has had a lot of work recently and does a really good btrfs setup with zero work needed.

>>105574094
Oh shit nice
Last time I tried to install Arch on a VM I couldn't get the bitch to work lol. That was like 5(?) years ago though and my brain was certainly not completely developed so it could've been me
>Implying it is now
Anyways bet I'll look into what software I should get set up. If you've got any recs while currently graciously spoonfeeding me that would be much appreciated tho realistically I should probably avoid too much hand holding

honestly, I have not had that feeling of being impressed by software for a long time until trying out btrfs on arch.
it's just so fucking nice.
at this point, I would need convincing with a very good fact-based argument about why i should anything other than arch for my home server.
(i don't use the aur because i don't need it and it's going to be as bad as any user-run repo)

>>105574158
>5(?) years ago
why do you think we've been trying to tell you people - arch has come a long way in the last few years, especially since archinstall really got fucking good. try it. if you still hate it, then fine, but at least try it with archinstall for once and see how it works out.
people act like we're going to destroy peoples machines.
just try it in a vm.

>>105574077
>regarding btrfs
>is there any particular distro you recommend
Kind of a non-sequitur. Pretty much all distros will support all filesystems, except the weirdest ones. Maybe very hand-held stuff like OMV might for example not support it in the installed or whatever, though maybe it does, and if you wanted to it wouldn't be that hard to run set it up anyway.
>trueNAS
That's BSD and yeah btrfs might not have BSD drivers. Actually good point, that's something to keep in mind. But except trueNAS there's almost nothing that's BSD, everything is linux, so that should be basically the only thing.

>btrfs raid 1
Requires at least two drives. If you go that way I say just put your entire system onto the same raid. Again this is a budget build so if you're buying a cheapo mini-pc with two m.2 slots, work with what you've got; you don't need a perfect redundant enterprise-ready storage solution here. There's no real harm to backing up your system and data at the same time, and btrfs supports online snapshots perfectly fine.

>unraid
I've never really looked into it but IMHO there's no reason to pay for a RAID/storage solution in this day and age. Free (as in freedom AND as in beer) stuff should handle almost every usecase, from basic replication all the way to enterprise systems using ZFS.

>>105574094
Arch is strictly inferior to gentoo for server hosting IMO.
>inb4 learning gentoo is hard
For an out-of-the-box solution anon should just use ubuntu server or something. Mind you I hate ubuntu (even more than I hate debian) but objectively speaking it's very likely to "just work" and run his fileserver with minimal setup work.
Using a non-standard distro is if you want to have fun and not just get it up and running as fast as possible; and in that case gentoo is strictly superior to arch.

>>105574158
>Anyways bet I'll look into what software I should get set up. If you've got any recs while currently graciously spoonfeeding me that would be much appreciated tho realistically I should probably avoid too much hand holding
if you mean in terms of server, then you just do you. i use it for qbittorrent, mpv (kind of a ghetto media player hooked to tv), experimenting with btrfs, fucking around, copying shit over with ftp for backup, randomly testing out code, idk just random shit.
i probably should get more serious with it but honestly i just do whatever is fun.

>>105574077
Original anon that mentioned running a beelink with ssd enclosures. OMV is what I use.

>>105574196
>But except trueNAS
Truenas you might as well consider Linux
Truenas Scale is Linux based and should be the only thing used going forward for new installs

IDK even why truenas is still considered BSD

>>105574196
>Pretty much all distros will support all filesystems
distro installers tend to be different enough that it matters
archinstall is really fucking good for btrfs now
they specifically did a lot of work making btrfs btr in the past few releases

arch is shit for servers not because its challenging to use or install
but because of the attitude of its maintainers in respect to breaking changes
if you want to expect spending a couple hours fixing whatever breaks every time you update - because 1 in 100 times it will be necessary - then use arch. otherwise use a more suitable distro.

you won't find this out testing it in a vm for a couple days and it hasnt significantly changed in the last ten years

t. linux user for 15+ years

>>105574280
>challenging to use
just admit you're a fuckwit

Just use debian.

>>105574231
Does it have btrfs drivers? If so great

>>105574234
The majority of installers I've seen give a btrfs option, and if not, literally all you have to do is install ext4 and then run btrfs-convert. Btrfs is very user-friendly so you can then add the second disc afterwards, reconfigure it as raid1 and rebalance the mirror all while it's online. (I'm not sure off the top of my head of btrfs-convert requires works on an online ext4 filesystem, but even if not it's a trivial step to boot into a livecd and convert your disk.)

Yeah it's ever so slightly more convenient just selecting it in the installer, but it should really not be the deciding factor in selecting a distro. Shit like the package manager and repositories available are vastly more important.

>>105574397
i tried the main distros with a btrfs option in the installer, it's ubuntu, opensus, debian, fedora.
they're all ok.
i guess i just liked how arch got the job done right the first time exactly i wanted it. compression enabled. snapshots enabled, managed with snapper.

>>105574191
>you people
Whoa whoa whoa chill
Dunno what group you think I'm a part of but I just hadn't tried it in a fat minute because I had no need to. Work has me use Ubuntu and I was using redhat in college. I do all my GAYming on win 10 ltsc iot. Arch was mostly just a "for fun" thing to try out
>>105574196
>Non-sequitur
>That's BSD
My bad to both, aside from using and learning it as needed I'm fairly tuned out of Linux and Unix related things
>I say just put your entire system onto the same raid
Given no correction on the bit I had below about the first and second drive purposes I'm guessing that I was pretty much right about that, tho I didn't specify that I was talking about two drives only but that does seem to be the case
>no reason to pay
Very fair
>gentoo
I'm once again very tuned out of things so I'll most likely lurk any further discussion and google around a lot
>>105574213
>I just do whatever is fun
Based
>>105574226
Noted ty o7

>>105574429
Yeah the thing is a lot of it is down to preference and there's no "best setup for a file server". Also any distro can be made to do almost anything you want so people pick distros based on what they already know, or other features they like. So if you haven't really used linux much in recent years and are out of tune with the ecosystem or with system management in general, it can feel overwhelming because you're supposed to choose based on your preferences but you don't have any preferences yet. I was there myself some years ago, now I know exactly what distro I want to use every time I wanna do anything and what the tradeoffs will be but I didn't figure it out overnight.

Again if you just want something that works as a fileserver with minimal effort tinkering shit then ubuntu server is unironically not a bad choice, it's the most soulless choice possible but as I said earlier it will very likely just work out of the box. You then install NFS or samba or whatever actual server software you want and run it. OMV is also not a bad choice, it's basically IIRC debian or some shit but comes out of the box with a management web GUI for easily setting up any services you might want.
Most other things (such as arch) are basically going to be a choice based on wanting to get more familiar with the options in the linux world, rather than just getting the fileserver up and running as quickly as possible. For example, I definitely don't recommend arch as a set it and forget it kind of system for someone without much linux experience.

>>105574299
i dont find arch remotely challenging to use you moron
learn to read

>>105574645
learn english, prapesh. when you say "not because it's challenging" you're implying it's challenging.

>>105574672
retard

>>105574672
maybe you should learn english
and then kill yourself
post hand

i said that because the resident arch shill keeps bringing up archinstall and the number one thing people say about arch is waaaaaaaah no graphical installer!!!! so hard!
its a shit meme

>>105574592
Ah yeah that totally makes sense. Well I've probably got at least a week or two to compare everything and decide, plus I've been recommended a fairly nice suite of options to look at
On one hand I'd love to fuck around for a bit and find out what's cool on the other hand I'd have to find the time when I'm prepping for a bunch of other stuff
But the upside is that it's not like I'm locked into one thing forever
Thx for the perspective anon

>>105574744
i *am* the resident arch shill, nigjeet

>>105574784
explains the retardation

dont worry bro
we all had our arch era, you'll grow out of it eventually

>>105574831
i've already tried out every other distro, theres nothing to go to. arch is shit, but it's an order of magnitude less shit than the others. which makes it good.

>>105574865
what makes a distro 'shit', in your opinion?

>>105574881
extraneous crap that gets in my way and slows me down from just getting shit done
arch does the least "magical" shit
everything is clear and simple

>>105574900
>extraneous crap that gets in my way and slows me down from just getting shit done
give some examples

>>105574916
package managers that pull in crap that they don't need to but just do because they're written by retards
aka apt

epic user error moment

>>105572884 (OP)

>>105574900
>extraneous crap that gets in my way and slows me down from just getting shit done
powerful unemployment vibes

>>105575106
Serviço desligado

>>105575632
:)
(É um prédio)

>>105575106
>>105575632
>Código do técnico

>>105574865
opinion on gentoo?
>>105574900
for me this was void, arch still has some gayness

>>105571712
me

>>105571460
i can do a technical writeup if enough people are interested. i'm integrating VXLAN into it right now so it's getting kind of out of control. i can write up my simplistic original form that has no VXLAN though. just requires PBR functionality and a wireguard tunnel from an internal VM to any VPS you decide to purchase.

>>105576478
This looks absolutely schizophrenic. How many physical BGP-capable switches are in this graph?
I'd definitely be interested in a technical writeup on your setup, but so far that makes one anon.

>>105573027
Been eyeing that for a while, but it required some special version of Home Assistant or something? Anyway, please report back on your progress, anon.

>>105576673
srx345 and a c9300-24ux at my house and a c1111x-8p at my parents, then a VM running frrouting for the vxlan dmz segment and isolation at my place. if you think that's schizophrenic look at this. this is just that vxlan cloud hanging off the dmz segment. i'm not 100% that this works, i'm still learning about it. if anyone knows vxlan and wants to critique id be very interested.

>>105576711
I haven't heard anything of the sort. IIRC it needs an MQTT broker for events and I think some integration if you wanna watch video from HA, but otherwise I haven't seen anything about it requiring any special versions.
I'll hopefully set up an initial test deployment either this weekend or maybe the next. I'll be sure to post about it once I get around to it.

I have 45 kW battery power for my house so I never experience blackouts. Can I use btrfs in raid 5 now for my homeserver? Or the btrfs raid 5 just gonna kill itself over time no matter what.

>>105576742
I don't have an answer but I'm curious what's the usecase
If you have so much storage that you don't wanna mirror, why not zfs

>>105576757
Mostly to dump redump data sets. There wont be high IO on the raid. I will dump personal shits there too time to time like every second year.

It will not serve as a data center or whatever. There wont be much writing to the disk once I am done dumping the 3 tb of psx games and 300 gb of nintendo games dumps.

>>105572884 (OP)
I am currently planning a new NAS box with 20TB drives, but I cannot decide what to go with.

2 VDEVs with 3 drives each raidz
or
3 VDEVs with 2 drives in mirror

If my budget allows it might change to:

3 VDEVs with 3 drives each raidz
or
4 VDEVs with 2 drives in mirror

>>105576757
Also I dont like zfs. It is hard for me to understand how to use it. It does not behaves the same way with linux as like other partitions which makes my autism kick in.

Atleast with btrfs if I want to I can just convert it to raid 10 or raid 0 if I experience problems with raid 5. Also I find it more easier to add new disk to the raid than zfs.

>>105576673
>>105576735
scratch this diagram, this one is better. still iterating on it. trying to get a shared /24 space working just for the difficulty of it.

>>105576741
Taking a look I probably misunderstood. Looks like I need to add HACS into my HAOS VM and then install Frigate as an add-on.

I autistically want to use Guix containers instead of Docker, although this way it'll still be Docker just inside the VM. This seems to be the recommended way to integrate it with HA though?

It's looking like I'll need to install Docker anyway to get Jellyfin working, so maybe I'll install Frigate outside the VM. Not sure.

>>105576934
Oh yeah you can install it as a container inside HAOS.
I personally am planning to run it as an LXC container in proxmox, and possibly HA as another container - right now HAOS is running on a separate pi, I still haven't decided if I want to migrate it or just leave it.

yesterday I was able to figure out LXC containers on proxmox!! I was running a jellyfin server inside of a full Linux Mint VM that I was uh...also using to download anything new and having all the media be all inside that one Mint VM. Definitely niggerrigged. But!! I was able to figure out how to have all my media be on the proxmox host and have a LXC container with samba point towards it so I can access the folder with my windows computers. It is the most beautiful thing I have ever seen. Network file shares are the coolest thing ever! Now I just need another container with jellyfin and figure all that out. I love my server, she's so cute!!!

>>105576846
I hear it the other way around.
That btrfs is a bitch with raid and prone to corrupt.

>>105575106
It becomes more horrible the longer I look.

>>105577797

>>105570288
Kek I've done that with my dad since I was 16 where coaxial was still used in every household you first worlders are overthinking shit.

fortunately for me I don't live in the third world

I want to beat my server to death with a sledgehammer

>>105577763
Only thing I hear is btrfs is bad because if there are writing done to a raid 5 btrfs setup and if the system crashes or there is a blackout then whatever data was written there before it could make the cheksum data will be lost forever.

I do not see how is this such a big issue.

Nobody really explains why exactly btrfs is bad for raid 5. Why it isnt recommended, what is broken with 5, what can corrupt a btrfs riad 5 that your raid gonna kill itself.

Are there any "open source" wifi modems and routers? Any that support WIFI 7?

>get python code and project finished
>test on pc
>order pi
>get pi
>figure i'll share network folder so i can copy/paste between the two easy
>?????????
this was meant to be the easy step wtf

>>105579624
>updates available
>cool
>click install
>reboot once finished
>its now bricked
>best way to unbrick it is just a fresh wipe
off to a good start

>>105577763
Btrfs is great for raid without parity striping. Actually great, you can add or remove disks on the fly, it supports JBOD of different sizes, you can duplicate your metadata and data separately, everything is live-reconfigurable and live-rebalanceable, it supports triple and quadruple mirroring if you really want it to, etc. (again all on different sized disks if you need it to). This is in contrast to ZFS that is really rigid about its pools, doesn't allow adding disks on the fly from what I'm aware, doesn't support different sized disks, etc.
The only thing btrfs is bad for is the data loss bug that anon described, specifically in parity-striped RAID, i.e. raid5 and raid6. As long as you don't need those, btrfs is fantastic.

>>105579624
Yeah how is it hard, just scp source_file user@pi.pi.address:destination_file

Silly question, when an enterprise switch comes with say 12 ports but then two "uplink" ports and then another two SPF "uplink" ports, what makes those uplink ports special? Obviously the SPF ones need optical cables and are usually faster than the copper ports. But what about when there's copper "uplink ports", sometimes the exact same speed as the other ports in the switch? Is it literally just a 14-port switch actually (plus 2 SPF), or is there something preventing you from using those as normal ports?
I tried researching and couldn't find anything, but maybe I'm just tarded. But if there was no difference, then I'm confused through as to why they'd be marketed as e.g. 12 port switches if they actually had 14 identical usable ports.

>>105579989
that's not even close to what i wanted lol

>>105580141
how lol

>>105580176
uh because its not a shared network folder?
anyway i found the solution i think, called gigolo

>>105580188

>>105580188
it lets you copypaste between the two machines though lol
>gigolo
imagine unironically using something called gigolo LMAO
install syncthing

>>105580195
>>105580222
>it lets you copypaste between the two machines though lol
does it? seems like i have to manually change the file each time
>syncthing
thanks, i'll have a look

i was really hoping linux still wasn't dogshit but nah turns out its still lacking basic features after all these years

>>105580008
Often the uplink ports are "combo ports" which means each pair of copper/SFP ports share one lane on the switch chip. This means that you either can't use both the SFP and copper ports at the same time or that you can, but with one port's bandwidth shared between the two of them. On a PoE Switch, the dedicated uplink ports usually do not have PoE (because that is cheaper).

>>105580230
you can scp entire folders
but actually use rsync instead
>i was really hoping linux still wasn't dogshit but nah turns out its still lacking basic features after all these years
linux is a kernel
the windows kernel also doesn't have network sharing
microsoft made the SMB protocol but there are SMB clients on linux too if you wanna use that

>>105580251
Okay, makes sense. So if it has 12 ports, 2 copper uplinks and 2 SFP uplinks - I can basically treat it as a 14-port switch with 12-port PoE, then? That's neat.

>>105580254
yeah i've heard the kernel cope for years
it should just be linux and that's it
so much wasted effort and time on all the useless offshoots

>>105580265
my point is you don't use "windows" for network sharing, you use SMB
you can use SMB on linux, so you have literally no reason to complain
you can also use a bunch of other stuff on linux, for example because SMB is dogshit, but it's much more annoying on windows

>>105580277
my point is this shit sucks
https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxsucks/comments/1dj58pc/linux_sucks_at_network_shares/
ban all the other distros already
force the autists to work on one

>>105580299
>plebbit
>thinks he is in any position to demand things from linux autists

>>105580299
go use Windows if you like it so much

>>105576827
Mirrors will perform better and will be easier to rebuild if you need to do so. Unless you absolutely need the capacity, go with mirror.

>>105580299
I've got a better idea. Let's all get in a circle with you in the middle and beat you with IBM Model M keyboards.

I have one zfs pool on my proxmox server with multiple datasets. Two datasets are passed through to two different identical virtual machines. I have an smb network share on the first vm mounted on the second vm. I'm transfering from the dataset on the first vm, to the one on the second using rsync.
rsync -rvtW --stats /source /dest
It will transfer at 150-300MB/s for about twenty seconds, before halting entirely for a minute and a half to two minutes, then returning to the previous speed.
I've done similar transfers in the past without any issues. The datasets have thin provisioning, and the receving dataset have primary and secondary cache set to metadata only. Am I doing something retarded here?

>>105580613
> zfs pool with multiple datasets
> passed to vm
> smb to identical vm
> Transfers 150-300MB/s for 20 seconds
> Freezes for a 1:30 to 2:00
> Returns to copying
How fast are the drives? SMB and iSCSI both add overhead, SMB much moreso.

It sounds to me like you're completely flooding cache (Either VM RAM, ARC, or Disk) and that data has to get flushed to disk so more data can be transfered. But it shouldn't *freeze*. Weird caching behavior maybe? It could also be a combination of behavior in each layer.

Even on spinning rust I can manage 140mb/s for a few seconds before getting throttled down to 60-80MB/s but that's consistent speed. When I was doing iscsi to a VM and then SMB across VMs (Bridging my Jellyfin and ingest servers) I'd manage 40mb/s with freezes between files.

>>105579624
>>105579757
>my only windows account is an online email account
>turning off password protection on shared folders still requires a password
>only way to make it work is making a local admin account that has a chance to brick my main account
>this has been a known problem since email only accounts happened
maybe i was too harsh on linux
i guess i'll just use ssh to transfer shit over fucking hell

>>105580710
It's 7 20TB sata drives in a raidz2. The vm's memory is filled with cache, but that seems normal. When I use access the share from another pc It'll be fast when the transfer is stalled, but very unresponsive when the transfer is going. Like I've said I've done similar transfers before with no issues, but none of them were between datasets on the same pool. They were either to different machines, pools, or within the same dataset so I'm suspicious that I'm missing something here.

I'm looking for some recommendations.
I have just enough spare components that all I need for a full computer is a motherboard and a gpu (no iGPU on the 3900x) and I figured I could use it as a home server instead of my laptop with a USB HDD.
But looking a little into it, it seems that the case will be my big constraining factor.
That is, I need to choose that and then my other options will be based on that

I'm looking for the smallest possible case that
>supports mATX motherboards
>supports at least 4 HDDs (more is fine but I probably wouldn't use more in the near future) with bonus points for those drives being hot-swappable
>Supports ATX power supplies (because that's what I have)
>Can accommodate more than one single-slot PCIe card (half width is fine), since one such slot will be populated by a GPU and I'd like to leave room for further upgrades should I want them, like a SAS controller or a 10gb network card.

Any suggestions?
A cursory search gave me an AliExpress called the Sagittarius which ticks all my boxes but comes from a no-name company and looks a bit jank.
The various Jonsbo cases all have some caveat, like supporting fewer expansion cards than I'd like or requiring an SFX power supply.

>>105581068
https://ebay.us/m/rseKN0

>>105581096
Ohhh, thanks for that! I do need to look into a motherboard.
This does remind me of another question I have.
If I WERE to get an AM4 motherboard that supports ECC but I used it with non-ECC memory, would it work at all?
I'm only asking because I already have two RAM sticks I was planning on using and the more things I can relegate to "this is a future upgrade" the better.

>>105581068
What about something like the Jonsbo N5? or Jonsbo N4?

https://www.jonsbo.com/en/products/N4Black.html
https://www.jonsbo.com/en/products/N5Black.html

>>105581144
Yes it'll work fine.

>>105581174
The N4 fits my wants and needs perfectly except it wants an SFX power supply and what I have is an ATX one.
I don't want to overpay for some bullshit gamer 750+ watt power supply when the 550w one I have is already probably overkill for my needs and wants, but at this point I'm very tempted to just take the L and subsidize a new power supply with my old one.

The N5 is just a bit too large for me, especially since I'm not planning to use anywhere near that many drives.
The N4 biggest drawback (those stupid, non-hot-swappable bits) are absolutely fine for me because 4 drives is what I'm aiming for.

>>105580765
the more you know about computers the more you hate them all equally

>>105580765
Unironically syncthing anon.
But also yes.

>>105581375
Syncthing is THE shit.
Love that thing.

>>105581253
>>105581375
I just used mobaxterm since it has drag and drop support for the ssh, very comfy

>>105574280
>a couple hours fixing whatever breaks every time you update
sounds like a severe case of skill issue

I don't get the difference between a Server and your PC. Can't they literally do the same function? If you had an old PC or Laptop laying around, that is literally just a server you can use.

>>105582375
yes

A server is a computer that is always supposed to be on, a regular laptop is not really built for that application, you could use it as a server but you're better getting dedicated hardware

>>105582375
>If you had an old PC or Laptop laying around, that is literally just a server you can use.
Depends on what you mean by this.
-an old PC or Laptop that you can "use as a server"
Or:
-an old PC or Laptop IS a server that you can also use

>>105582394
>a server is a computer that is always supposed to be on
I pretty much let my computer go to sleep after being idle at night. So I'm wondering for what purpose would you need a server to run all night? Sounds like that would use a lot of power if you're just asleep.

>>105582375
The main difference is that a server is supposed to run 24/7 so you can access it from other computers. Your PC can definitely be used as a server but the main issues are
- if you e.g. usually shutdown your PC, you can't really use it as a server
- if it's a laptop that you often put to sleep, that's even worse
- if it's a laptop that you carry around and travel to places, its IP will be constantly changing
- if you have a powerful PC, leaving it always on will likely consume a lot of idle power, more than a properly sized server machine would
- if you have a not so powerful PC, whenever you're doing anything on it it would slow down your server or vice versa
- the OS you want to use on your daily PC might not be the same OS as you want to run on a server - this is a big one
- for more powerful servers, the hardware you need will also be different - e.g. in your main PC you might want a good GPU but in your server you might want eight hard drives and four ethernet ports, and it might be inconvenient fitting everything into one machine

I you have a spare old laptop/PC, it can very much be a server, the main concern being potentially power consumption especially on older hardware, and thermals when running 24/7 with the lid closed on a laptop.
If you want to use your actual normal PC as a server, yes, you can even do that, it's just usually less convenient for all the reasons above.

>>105582450
see >>105582467

as for why, mine is mostly used as a Netflix alternative (Jellyfin) so muliple devices can access my TB's of media I ripped from DVD's I bought

Also adblocking on a DNS level, RSS feed, serving audiobooks, ebooks and comics, etc...

>>105582450
Depends who is accessing your server. If only yourself, then yeah, absolutely no problem.
But for example if you go outside and want to be able to connect to your server on your phone or laptop or some shit, you need to leave your PC running once you leave home. And if other people might be using your server (family? friends?), or if you're doing anything like hosting a public website (like a blog or a portfolio homepage or even just a meme site or something) which you'd want to be up 24/7, then you need a constantly running server.

But if you're really just alone in using your server, yeah, no reason not to keep it running.

bros the mini pc might have been a mistake..

>>105582511
>Jellyfin
thats what I use too, but I'm just struggling to see a benefit for an independent server. If I'm already at home on my computer, Jellyfin and other server applications will already be running for access on other devices like your phone or TV. The only purpose I see is if you're out and need access remotely, the server would draw less power.

>>105582551
Thanks, I guess a server isn't for me for now.

>>105582557
I haven't really applied a solution for remote access yet, I use my server only in my LAN

My server draws less power then my PC, your situation might be different. Also I live with my gf and I don't want her to go on my PC just so she could use jellyfin when I'm not home, the server is always on and downloads new episodes when available, sometimes I watch jellyfin on my PC while the gf is watching something else on jellyfin on the TV, I could even continue watching on my phone while taking a dump and go back on my PC after I wiped my butt, also I have 4 HDD's in my server that I don't need to put in my PC.

Also the server runs Debian and my PC windows 10 and thinkpad with Debian as well, I would never use windows on a server, with gaming on linux becoming better and better I might eliminate windows completely

How do we feel about the new 10g snibeti snab rtl8127?

>>105582554
Why?

>>105582792
oh fug 10GbE LAN for cheap :DDDD

What software can I host to be able to work from 2 PC's on the same LibreOffice document?

I would prefer being able to continue using LibreOffice and just configure a networklocation or something

google

>>105582929
just use windows' built in sharing

>>105582929
Does it have to be at the same time?
If not, syncthing.
If yes, you're better off using google docs or something.

>>105582929
If it's at the same time, fundamentally it would need to be aware of the libreoffice file format to be able to stream changes in real-time and merge conflicting changes, which means that it must either be a plugin in libreoffice itself or nothing. No general-purpose networking software could do it.
Like the other anon said if you never (or rarely) edit it from both PCs simultaneously and always save between each edit, then it becomes much easier, and I second the syncthing recommendation - its file watch is pretty good and in my experience it can sync changes nearly instantaneously on save. But the onus will be on libreoffice to also reload changes if it already has the file open and it gets changed on disk - if it doesn't do that you'll still have to re-open it manually, and again that's on libreoffice and no external software or networking solution can do it if libreoffice doesn't do it itself.

>>105579624
>>105580765
wtf are you doing anon, sftp is configured ootb if you have ssh. just install filezilla or something on Windows and login

>>105579624
try https://github.com/winfsp/sshfs-win
sftp is fine but you cant map the drive in file explorer.
syncthing is a directory synchronization daemon, which is fine for, like, movies, i guess, but pretty terrible for files that are actually going to be edited. not sure why everyone here loves it.

>>105575954
>opinion on gentoo?
not interested in it. cbf with compiling everything for one day until i get to use shit. that's why we have distros in the first place.

>>105582792
>>105582833
As long as they don't shit the bed at 8gbps most people will be happy.

My 2.5GbE realtek NIC shits itself above 2200mbps which is annoying. Massive latency spikes.

I am gonna do it.

What's the best way to keep track of a network both physically as well as IPs, routes, per host firewall rules, etc? After a quick look netbox looks promising?
I'm at the point where using draw.io diagrams doesn't cut it anymore and I'll need to rework my entire network anyways since at this point I am handling three physical sites that are interconnected into one big LAN with semi connected WANs in two DCs where I have stuff colocated and all of this has grown organically over a few years which is to say it's completely FUBAR.
I literally cannot change anything about this eldritch horror without something going down and even just maintenance has become untenable. But since I want to do things right this time I am looking for a tool to plan the entire network before actually nuking everything.

>>105584228
Should have probably mentioned physical ports and their bandwidth are also a concern since I will need to move around and combine a bunch of VMs to make sense of what zpools they access so they don't bounce around in the network unnecessarily.

>>105583361
>compiling for a day
did you try to run it on a raspberry pi or something
also there's official binhosts for people like you now

>>105583025
>If yes, you're better off using google docs or something.
Wrong
>>105583056
>if libreoffice doesn't do it itself
It can with a Collabora CODE server. Nextcloud has a built in one click installer but you can host one standalone too.

>>105584289
you mistake me for someone who cares enough about compiling it in the first place

>>105584411
you did say you tried out every other distro

>>105584419
i have, the ones that most people give a fuck about using as a server distro at least. no one cares enough about building their own shit from scratch when decent alternatives to doing so exist.

>>105584164
I've thought about doing that too but I'm afraid.
Have this ext4 drive sitting there because at the time I didn't know no better and it's always tempting me.

>>105584449
gentoo is literally better than arch at being a server distro, in terms of management and administration. I've literally seen less people give a fuck about using arch as a server distro than gentoo
you keep repeating "muh compiling" but a server distro won't even have the biggest packages like chromium or firefox or libreoffice, everything else is pretty fast to compile, AND like I said gentoo offers binhosts so you don't have to compile anything unless you explicitly and intentionally choose to go source-based

Aliexpress N100/N150 motherboards, smart or retarded?

>2020 mid pandemic
>a mate giving away a backback of raspberry pi 4's
>anon you want them? $50 and theyre yours
>sure
>throw them in a drawer forget about it
>2025
>realize these are worth like $2000
Welp, what's some cool switch+router+AP i could get for 2000 bucks?

>>105576742
>>105576757
>>105576846
>>105577763
>>105579377
So people were complaining about BTRFS parity RAID because of... the write hole..?

>>105582812
can only fit one hdd and one (or two?) nvme

Does anyone have recommendations for good self-hostable boorus? szurubooru, the one im using is becoming extremely slow so im looking for an alternative. I used hydrus with hybooru but it doesn't update in real time how i get it and hydrus itself needs a graphical session and feels like its going to fall apart at the press of a button.
Im looking for something that can handle proper hoarder amounts of data so a couple of hundred gigs at a minimum. Is fine if there are no toolkits that can upload stuff on there as long as there is a API that can be used to do so.

>>105582929
Just confirmed I can open libreoffice document files in nextcloud document, which is free to set up with a published guide for the latest version of ubuntu on yt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpr37FJSgrw

How sleepy is your cpu?

>>105585890
%Cpu(s): 0.2 us, 0.7 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st

i bought this mini pc https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005006181672854.html

how do I install the ssd on the case?

>>105586139
just toss it in there

Don't really browse this general but I just wanted to say I always love the OP pics :3

>>105577928
What in the world...

>>105586139
>It comes with a extra SATA cable, when you wanna install 2x 2.5 inch SATA SSD/HDD, just need remove the fan.
like this, you'll have to remove the fan if you want to install two

IDK if going from 25w to sub 15w will ever be worth it but its piquing my autism, if only my digikey order will come in

>>105584738
how loud what power usage limitations what difficulty level

>>105586542
the holes you marked clearly doesn't line up with the SSD mount holes

also how do I set this bridge interface up properly in opnsense, its not working at all

PON at home when?

I feel like this is a good place to ask...

I'm looking at father's day gifts and had the idea to buy some external storage for my dad (he's an amateur photographer). I was thinking that a setup with RAID 1 would be great for peace of mind but damn they're kind of expensive. Is it worth it? I've got a couple of extra 1TB drives laying around, can I just buy one of these RAID enclosures and stick them in there?

Or is this a silly thing to worry about and should I just buy a 4TB external and call it a day?

>>105586915
nvm watch a youtube video and did a magic trick to bridge all my ports to LAN lol

>>105586917
Why would you need it at home?

I have NG-PON2 to the home, but my internal network is pure copper.

anyone know of a self-hosted plaintext editor? I basically want google docs but plaintext. I would just ssh but I can't do that from work computers

>>105587219
Will a .md file do?

i think hsg and csg should be friends
lots of good zigbee shit to be bought from ali for a few bucks

>>105572553
>>105572588

>>105586917
how big is your house wtf

>>105586917
I am a bit jealous.

>>105586917

18 years ago?

>>105586481

ECC UDIMMs have temp sensors
neat

any reason why I shouldn't just buy 2 of these as my media storage for the next decade? (primary + backup)

leaf $'s btw

>>105588804
forgot pic

>>105585051
verifying data also takes forever on raid 5 and 6.
I am getting 60 mb/sec on average, while on raid 0 it was 320 mb/sec average.

>>105588804
They're only rated to run ~2400 hours per year. They're more intended for cold storage applications.

>>105588976
what does that 2400 hours per year figure mean? my PC is powered ~3700 hours per year and my active usage of the drive would be like 1/6th of that

>>105588976
so the mtbf is 876000 hours?
thats almost 100 years of time, how is that considered only for cold storage.
that hdd will outlive me 3 times bro

>>105585051
>>105588954
I changed my mind. I will just use raid10 for data and raid1c4 for metadata.
I have about 8tb free space that way. Once the disk start to fill up over the years I will decide if I convert my raid to raid5 to gain extra 4tb data for free or just buy 4x 8tb hdd.

>>105586915
maybe try this? there has to be a combination that matches

>>105589017
2400 power on hours, or 120TB read and write per year, for only two years. Where did you get the 876000 hours from?

Kinda need some help with crystaldiskInfo numbers to know if the drive is good :c

>>105589762
>pending sectors with only 2400 hours
return it

>>105589655
none works you can use a screen ruler to see the screw holes on the ssd won't align with the panel holes.

I just chuked it in without mounting

>>105585307
unironically philomena

>>105586931
I would say either buy two 4TB externals and teach him how to make incremental backups from one to the other, or go all the way and build a proper NAS for him.

I currently used TrueNAS running jellyfin, an SMB share, and a docker container with makemkv and another with wine and EAC, and it werks for me

What do ai gain by being an autist and trying to switch to gentoo or something?

Also another question, when using an SMB share with ZFS how could I speed up the speed of searching through files using file explorer? Shit takes forever

>>105590060
>What do ai gain by being an autist and trying to switch to gentoo or something?
You will have to re set up everything that's currently working fine for you like an autist.
Do you have any issues with your current setup or things you wish were improved?

>>105590060
>What do ai gain by being an autist and trying to switch to gentoo or something?
only pain, no gain

Retard here, please humour me. Can I build a low power home server without a case? Suppose for instance I buy one of those motherboards with an N100 of Aliexpress, get a power supply to go with it, and attach a couple of 3.5" SATA hard drives to it, then put these components inside a small piece of Ikea furniture with an open back. Can someone explain if/why it would be a bad idea?

>>105590469
People used to take a sheet of plywood, literally screw everything on there and mount it on the wall. Outside of someone stumbling into it (not a concern inside a desk or whatever) there aren't too many downsides except airflow which you can easily fix if you're willing to drill a few holes into whatever you're putting the parts, then again it might not even be necessary if the system is low power enough.

>>105589785
Thx, it was bought second hand from vinted, the seller made me return it but it came back after 2 weeks or so. I got it for "free" but I don't want a dying drive. Ideas what to do with this? do i just trow it out?

>>105590469
Get some rubber grommets for mounting the hdd's.

>>105590613
pending sectors doesnt mean its dead
its hard to say. theres no uncorrectable sectors which is the sure tell. no crc errors either though those can be caused by bad cables so not definitive.
C0 power-off retracts at 64 with retracts at 68 is weird as fuck.
its probably fine just dont trust it

>>105590469
why not simply put it in a case

>>105590685
GF would not want me to leave the case visible, so if I need to put it inside a piece of furniture anyway I thought I might as well save money on the case, unless that's a bad idea.

For the time being I have a 5yo Intel J5005 NUC sitting inside a shelf with a USB HDD, and that works well enough for my current need, but I might want to upgrade it if I end up buying an apartment (and therefore have more space) in the near future.

>>105590725
do you have those horrible dry dead flowers in bottles on every window sill
and bowls of smelly dry crap wherever a free surface may be found

i'll never understand women

>>105590725
See you're thinking in the wrong direction. You want to go big and have something aesthetically pleasing while giving you room to expand.

>>105590799

>>105590793
Not really. She actually has a good eye for aesthetics because she grew around architects, so most of her vetoes are actually sensible. We do have a lot of plants, but they are all potted and I am the one buying most of them.

>>105590799
>>105590823
Thank you anon, but that's way overkill for a Jellyfin/Audiobookshelf/torrenting server. Also I would want the front of the cabinet to be opaque.

>>105590890
Coward.

>>105590799
>24 port switch
>only using 8 ports
You know they make 16 port models... Right?

>>105589864
found the repo but where are the docs? Where is the API i can migrate all my stuff with?

>>105591124
>implying this is my setup and not just something i found from google.

Why btrfs over zfs?
Is it just Linux licensing autism?

>>105591209

>>105591209
>>105591235

>>105591218
yes

>>105591235
>>105591241
>what is resizing images

Here's the fucking reddit post if you really want to play detective.

https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/1g9li7w/upside_down_media_cabinet_lab_build_with_2x_9u/

>>105590725
Jonsbo N4 was made for people like you

>>105572884 (OP)
Pic legit reminds me of a series of racks my work had when I first got hired. They were renovating our museum and so 4 seperate racks from theaters and 3 from an old weather station needed to get dismantled. Slews of coax, cat 5, and VGAs running into series of recorders and color machines, presentation boxes, and comm hubs from the 90s/00s, a thicket so tangled that it evokes feelings of Scott Cawthon robot designs.

>>105591200
>docs
Good point, that's probably its main weakness. Probably the best FOSS booru software to use, but it's not well packaged for just anyone to deploy. That said, did you try launching the docker instance as per the docs?
Also it's 2025, you can ask claude code stuff.
>API
There's docs for that on the actual website, at /pages/api. Or you can look inside lib/philomena_web/router.ex.

>>105591427
>Probably the best FOSS booru software to use
Is it actually fast? I have enough resources to throw at it so it should be but the problem with my current software is that some important part is single threaded so its useless.
>That said, did you try launching the docker instance as per the docs?
Not yet, i wanted to read through the docs first so know what im getting myself into. But how i get it the documentation im looking for is on the site once its up? Did not find anything on the github beyond how to start it and how to read logs.
>Also it's 2025, you can ask claude code stuff.
Not a big fan of that sort of stuff. I'd rather take my time and read about it myself.

>>105591525
>is it actually fast
Well, it's used for a major public booru with a few million images.
>docs
Depends what you mean by documentation. You can go on the website linked in the repo for the API docs for example - but I'm not sure about general administration of the installation. Like I said the devs didn't really put much effort into making it nicely accessible for people wanting to run it themselves. So honestly on further thought if you just want a project that's well documented and much more widely self-hosted, then probably some danbooru-based fork is going to be a lot easier; I'm aware of, like, five philomena boorus in existence. Of these, having talked to people running it I haven't heard about it being particularly tough to set up though, so if you wanna give it a try you might find that it just works well, but you're still largely on your own.

ROCKY LINUX 10

>>105591594
>You can go on the website linked in the repo for the API docs for example
Do you mean the demo instance? It just asks for credentials and the example/default ones don't work. And all other links are to documentation of other software it depends on.
I don't need extensive documentation, i just want to know how to manage credentials which is explained in the repo and how to upload stuff on there via the API for which i have yet to find any proof of it existing.

I think i will just try running it and see if it clears up things. I know that some devs don't like documenting everything but this is sorta crazy. Still doesn't matter if the software is good and you can figure it out eventually.

>>105591706
Anon https://derpibooru.org/pages/api

>>105591728
Thanks. This was all i was looking for. Just assumed that like most programs any sort of documentation would be linked in the repo. However considering the community i think its reasonable but still annoying to hide like that.

>>105591760
Yeah, like I said I think it's not so much intentionally hidden as just the devs made the site primarily for themselves rather than as a community project and so never bothered to make it more approachable.

>>105591770
Yeah i thought you meant this site instead. Was a false lead instead. Weird it even exists if it hosts no actual information or useful links. Why even bother making it?

>>105591810
Wtf is this lmao
>github pages repo last updated four years ago, from a different github org
I'm honestly not sure it's even by the same devs

>>105591690
great. does this mean you'll stop spamming the thread with this shit, nigger?

>>105591818
its just abandoned fork
prob some gay homo furry drama reasons
https://github.com/philomena-dev/philomena/

how do I port foward to do this:
from my 192.168.1.1/24 devices, when they input 192.168.1.1:8080 the opnsense router will foward the request out of its wan to 192.168.0.1:80 where the WAN is connected directly to the primary router 192.168.0.1

>>105591827
Rocky Linux 10.1?

stop using double nat you freak

Any recommended DASs?
I have a mini PC with no way for expansion.

>>105590681
would you say it's good to use in a 2 drive mirror?

>>105592244
MD1200

what's the best way to do a drive failure only backup? i.e. I want drive 2 to be a copy of drive 1 at all times, if I delete something from the first I expect it to disappear from the second. I've heard raid should not be used for this purpose

>>105592521
>I've heard raid should not be used for this purpose
huh? what you're describing sounds exactly like a RAID mirror.

>>105592521
>>105592558
Good old Raid 1

>>105592521
you've heard that raid is not a backup
which is true
but a backup would be different to
>I want drive 2 to be a copy of drive 1 at all times
a backup would (should) prevent you losing files due to accidental deletion/overwriting/ransomware or a housefire/flood/etc.

>>105592521
RAID Z

>>105592558
>>105592570
>>105592609
>>105592625
maybe I was misinformed then. I was told that because of the way raid works, if a drive failure occurs during writing both drives can get fucked because of 'striping'.
this was specifically in the context of raid 1

>>105592653
Are you sure you're not referring to RAID0?

>>105592664
yes, because just like here I was asking about mirroring 2 disks

>>105592653
No as >>105592664 says, that's RAID 0. Should not be used unless you need huge temporal space that doesn't need any safety. 1 drive fail, all your data is lost.
RAID 1 mirrors all the data over two drives. Half the capacity but you can safely remove 1 drive without losing any data.
RAID 5 stripes all the data across the disks but keeps 1 drive worth of space for parity data. You can lose 1 drive out of x and restore your data. Your total capacity gets reduced by 1 drive size.
RAID z does it similar as RAID 5 but with better performance and more flexibility.

>>105592521
That sounds like live replication but usually that's one computer replicating to another.

>>105592711
>Should not be used unless you need huge temporal space that doesn't need any safety.

I still laugh at this.

>>105592745

Probably a question as dumb as running 8 drives in RAID0 with no backups but on proxmox can an lxc container access GPUs the host has access to without requiring PCIe passthrough?

should I add this sort of heatsink to my mini pc case?

I have a couple of extremely retard tier questions:
a) If layer 3 switches can do IP routing, what is the point of a "router"? When would you want to use e.g. an OpenWRT or OPNsense machine if you also have an L3 capable switch?
b) How do ISP routers actually connect to the ISP network? It can't just be standard switching since there's some authentication involved for your customer account. Is it a standard protocol?

>>105593766
>How do ISP routers actually connect to the ISP network?
PPPoE

>>105593766
>there's some authentication involved for your customer account. Is it a standard protocol?
PPP usually. might be PPPoE or PPPoSomethingElse

>>105593766
if its not ppp its often just mac whitelisting for authentication

>>105593906
My ISP uses DHCP not PPPoE.

>>105593766
a) First, while a L3 switch can do many of the things that a router does, there are capabilities that it doesn't have. For instance, most L3 switches can't do GRE encapsulation for tunnels or IPSec/SSL VPN, and they also don't do DHCP.
Second, things like OPNsense aren't just routers either. They are more like firewalls, including stateful ACL application, IDS/IPS, and VPN capability.

b) Different ISPs set things up differently. Some like AT&T use 802.1X authentication, others use PPPoE. But some just use MAC whitelisting (whether it's explicit or based on DHCP reservations). And some don't do any authentication at all.

Yeah tried getting philomena to run but the containers wouldn't even start. Some sort of download error of some package that i can download perfectly in the browser but not there for some reason. Anyways got danbooru running easily and i am now writing shell scripts to migrate everything.

containers are black magic and im glad i finally tried them out.
holy fuck this is convenient.
why did no one tell me i just have to write a bit of yaml where i just write down what image i want, what volumes i want and some ports and the thing always behaves the same and can be updated nad redeployed with one command?
where has this shit been all my life?

fuck brb learning kubernetes after im messing around with docker and make make my own images.

>>105573009
Found the cuck

At what point would you consider using LTO tape? If I buy an LTO5 tape library I could easily fill 250 tapes for multiple complete backups of all my stuff.

I can get LTO5 tape for $2 per tape if used.

>>105594422

>>105589756
2400 multiplied with 365

desu to me power on hours/year and work load rate limit / year means fucking nothing.

for how many years it can do 2400 power on hours? for how many years it can write 120 tb a year?

what if the hdd is on 8760 hours for one year
or I wrote 121tb data in one year? Will it selfdestruct? does it voids my warranty?

meantime before failure or max tbw is more telling of a life expectancy

>>105594504
Well good, the MTBF on that drive isn't published at all because it's shit.

>>105594504
The 24TB Exos drives have 550TBW/Year and 2,500,000 hour MTBF with a 5 year warranty
The 24TB Barracuda drive says 120TBW/Year with no MTBF given and a 2 year warranty.

Feel free to make your opinion on that, but it's pretty clear the barracuda drives aren't as good and if it DOES shit the bed in a 3-4 years from moderate workloads don't be shocked.

>>105594394
>why did no one tell me i just have to write a bit of yaml where i just write down what image i want, what volumes i want and some ports and the thing always behaves the same and can be updated nad redeployed with one command
Blud discovered Vagrant

>>105594575
not even. just regular docker-compose.
im gonna look into vagrant now too though.
thanks.

>>105594575
>>105594599
vagrant is fucking garbage lmao

Am I the only one who doesn’t give a shit at all anymore about onboard storage after building a NAS? It’s literally completely irrelevant to me, same with expandable storage, removable batteries, headphone jacks, etc. For the price of some of these storage upgrade options on phones/laptops you could buy an old shit business tower throw in some HDD’s and use that.

>>105589756
>>105594504
>>105594557
Honestly I wouldn't worry about the differences in drives too much.

The drives are going to be on the same platform, off the same line. I honesty don't believe Seagate would have the means to determine what drives internally are going to fail in 3 years vs 5. Usually with the high capacity barracudas they get knocked down from being an Exos because of a dead head or two.

If there was a reason for the warranty differences it would amount to consumers being utter retards as high cap HDDs are extremely dedicate and you can greatly shorten the life without leaving a single mark. Consumers aren't trained on safe handling so you have to cut the warranty short as to not to drown in RMA's later.

Lads, I'm looking to upgrad the i5 12500K in my Unraid server. I'm sticking with Intel (and so I don't have to change motherboards), and because apparently most transcode have better Intel support I guess.

Since I do transcoding on Jellyfin I want something that can handle serving multiple users while I do other server-related tasks. Lots of cores would be great, I just can't stray into the Xeon territory.

Are the 13th and 14th gen Intel CPU finally fixed from melting? I can pick up this:

https://www.microcenter.com/product/670841/intel-core-i9-14900k-raptor-lake-s-refresh-32ghz-twenty-four-core-lga-1700-boxed-processor-heatsink-not-included

>i9 14900K
For $300 off. Is that a steal or am I being /g/oyed???

What SBC should I get to run home assistant?

>>105594557
>550TBW/Year
that means nothing yet again, it is a bullshit value that has no meaning to the life expectancy of a drive
does it mean if I write more than 550 TB to the drive it will die faster? If I write 551 TB in a year should I write 549 TB the next year to make the drive good again? For how many years it can write 550 TB yearly?

If it would says 200750 TBW (550*365) then I would expect that if I am close to writing 200750 TB in the drive's life then the drive soon to die.
>2,500,000 hour MTBF
thats good indication that if the drive has close to 2500000 hours of power on time then it can die soon

>>105595479
I'm not sure I'd trust these CPUs long term.
I have one in my desktop and it's been fine but it's also damn near a golden sample that runs at low voltages.

If you are ok with potential downtime, it's fast, overkill for home server tasks and all of them should still have 5 year warranties.
Setting a power limit will defiantly help

>>105596121
A thin client, not SBC.

>>105596334
Like what?

I was thinking of putting it in a DIN rail enclosure

>>105596145

>>105596145
>>2,500,000 hour MTBF
>thats good indication that if the drive has close to 2500000 hours of power on time then it can die soon
MTBF is useless for low drive counts.
It's for large populations of drives to determine an average rate of failure.

If you deploy 10,000 drives with an MTBF of 2500000, it means that on average a drive will have a problem every 250 hours. MTBF hours are counted concurrently within the population so every hour those 10,000 drives run is 10,000 hours towards your MTBF.

MTBF is also a hard average. You could have 100 drives fail within the first 1000 hours a fleet is operational and still not foul the MTBF as long as that population doesn't have much more failures down the road which is usually what happens.

>>105596330
I appreciate the advice. Do you think I could (cheaply) meet my usecase? Simply looking for lots of cores, decent transcoding support, and speed so I can serve multiple users?

>zpool says pool has 69gb free
>zfs says the only dataset on it has 40gb free
I'm not going insane right?
>77% fragmentation
It's probably fine.

Anyway, what are some options for bulk u.2 storage? Normal ass MB with bifurication and those silly 4 dock pcie cards? Not really looking for compute power but I suppose anything with the lanes for flash storage will need a real cpu anyway.
Enterprise SSDs have the same endurance anyway right? Maybe I'll do that instead.

>>105595070
I bought an SSD to put in my daily but I keep thinking it would be more worthwhile to put it in a NAS with some friends since it's just for random storage I collect from here anyway.
Except I keep running into issues with Windows forgetting network shit after resuming from sleep:
>which network folders I'm still in
>MPV being unable to resume a network video I left open.
So it might go in my daily anyway.

>>105596571
>what are some options for bulk u.2 storage? Normal ass MB with bifurication and those silly 4 dock pcie cards?
trimode hba, lsi 9500 or something

Hey /hsg/, I'm thinking of buying another low-power system to run some critical stuff I don't want on my main home server. I want a separate computer for things like DNS and some home automation stuff I plan to set up. My server could obviously run all that but I sometimes mess with it, reboot it and so on, so I want essential things to keep running on a different host.

Performance isn't really important, anything heavy will run on my main server, so I'm just looking for something low power that can run 24/7. I want it to be x86 since I don't want potential compatibility issues with whatever I may run on it down the road, so I'm thinking about some sort of mini PC, though I have no idea what model.

Any suggestions for what hardware would be appropriate for this use case?

>>105595479
If you buy new and update the BIOS so your mobo has the fixes from the get-go then the CPU suicide should be fixed, in theory. That being said, I would never really trust those things. We don't know exactly how or what Intel fixed, so who knows whether it's truly, properly fixed, or maybe it's just "fixed" to the point where the CPU dies out of warranty or fuck knows what.

>>105596778
Good point. I'm trying to figure out where my bottleneck is and I'm between the CPU and my network desu. A new CPU might not fix it

>>105596744
Look into used Dell Optiplexes on ebay. I have a 7060 that's very small and power efficient

>>105596744
>I have no idea what model.
just search usff on ebay and buy the newest you can afford

>>105572884 (OP)
So which protocol or service should I choose for a hsg backup?
SMB is unsafe
NFS is safe but requires a krb server to achieve safety
FTP/FTPS are not safe
Sshfs and sftp are safe but hard to connect to from non-desktop devices
Is there anything else?

>>105596571
>Not really looking for compute power but I suppose anything with the lanes for flash storage will need a real cpu anyway.
general rule of thumb is one core per PCIe storage device
if you can find an EPYC based 24x2.5" 2U barebones system they will usually have direct wired PCIe lanes to each bay
however be careful not to buy a U.3 based system as U.2 SSDs will not work in them

>>105597387
I am retarded, but if I understand correctly you want a backup protocol? I just use Syncthing between servers on my LAN desu

>>105597387
zfs send

>>105596624
So for the most part, SFF-8643 and Slimline variant can attach to whatever? Used to think these were only for sas/sata breakout from an hba.

>>105596744
odroid H series if you want to /diy/ a bit. The plain H4 doesn't even come with sata ports.
Lenovo Nano, which has an industrial variant too.

>>105597693
>U.3 based system as U.2 SSDs will not work in them
Weird. No accommodation for the slower standard? I suppose not since enterprise servers tend to be single purpose anyway.

I'd like to find options that are not crazy however. Not that all-flash storage for a home server makes much sense.

>>105597780
>Weird. No accommodation for the slower standard? I suppose not since enterprise servers tend to be single purpose anyway.
pinout changed between the generations
check out the post from the truenas guy here about the pinouts and how the sense pins interact
>www.truenas.com/community/threads/connecting-u-3-ssd.114002/#post-789461

>>105597232
>>105597244
Alright anons, I'll have a look to see what's available around where I live.

>>105597780
>odroid H series if you want to /diy/ a bit.
Nah, not for this use case. I want something reliable that can keep going, I don't really want bare boards, looking for my own cases and so on for this. I've used Raspberri Pis for various things and sometimes the things just freeze or reboot if you so much as touch the power cable and such, even in a case.

Really debating upgrading my CPU on my server. Seriously, I'm downloading movies rn and I can seemingly only do one thing at a time: transcode or unpack NZBs with NZBget.

>>105593766
>a) If layer 3 switches can do IP routing, what is the point of a "router"? When would you want to use e.g. an OpenWRT or OPNsense machine if you also have an L3 capable switch?
More oomph so you're more likely to achieve the speeds you want to achieve, less likely to drop packets and more likely to achieve low-latency through good use of SQM/QOS like Cake and soon MQ Cake, I've already patched that into my OpenWRT kernel and can't wait for that to hit mainline Linux: www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TQ4brmRMeQ

I have some Mikrotik CRS305-1G-4S+IN switches that I use for interconnects. They are a layer 3 switch that runs RouterOS and can technically handle routing traffic as well as switching but you would never use it for that. Routing would bring this thing to it's knees, it's designed for high speed switching of traffic.

>>105598002
What CPU do you have? Both transcoding and compression / decompression can be very CPU-heavy so it's not a huge surprise.

>>105598327
What GPU do they have is a better question, and if the answer is none then there you go.
>>105598002
I would be looking to offload as much of your transcoding as possible to another accelerator.

>>105598351
Well since he can't decompress shit and transcode at the same time, I'm pretty sure no GPU is involved and he's doing software transcoding for whatever reason.

>>105598450
That's what I was thinking too. Just get a second hand GPU or cheap Intel Arc GPU that can transcode everything including AV1 for next to nothing.

>tfw navidrome install success
Bedtime kings. Happy 250th!

>>105582929
>would prefer being able to continue using LibreOffice
https://nextcloud.com/office/
technically Collabora (what this uses) is forked from LibreOffice :^)

>>105572884 (OP)
Why it do dat? Season 1080 is just a copy of season 1. The folder just has folders named
season 1
season 2
season 3
specials

>>105596362
Yeah needs to be smaller in that case. But depending on make and how big your enclosure is it could still fit. Its just that these SBCs are memes more often than not and with home assistant getting stuff like voice AI shit a little performance wouldn't hurt. I don't know your situation but if it were possible to ditch the DIN rail enclosure if it meant getting a proper x86 server i would.

if I'm double nating primary router is 192.168.0.1/24, can I make the secondary router (connected by WAN to the primary router) have its LAN devices on the same subnet without clashing?

Basically 2 entire different networks

>>105599585
You probably can but why would you?

>>105599585
stop scaring the thread with your man made horrors

>>105599756
>Albert, do you remember when I came to you with our new network layout? We thought we might start a chain reaction that would bring down the entire company?
>Yes I remember it well, what of it?
>Request timed out.
>Request timed out.
>Request timed out.
>Request timed out.

>>105599585
>without clashing?
You cant because modern non-ancient prosumer routers automatically add routes for all kind of shit outside the nat they manage and designate.
For example if you doublenat and your wan router giving away ips like 1.2.3.4 and your nated router is 1.2.3.100 with its own range of 10.1.1.0/24 then a laptop with 10.1.1.12 will also see upstream stuff like your toaster connected as 1.2.3.20 to the main wan router.
With older gear local stuff outside nat was invisible to each other.

So I bought a 4 bay NAS to centralize my files instead of them being scattered across a dozen external HDDs and i'm trying to decide what to do for drives

I have almost 11tb of data, maybe more like 8-9 if I remove redundant stuff. I expect that I'll add another tb or two of anime and shit once I give myself headroom with the NAS, but realistically I don't expect to hit more then 14-16 for another half decade or so

I have 400-500 USD to spend on drives, so should I get:

>3x 12tb drives for 450
>2x 16tb drives for 473
>2x 18tb drives for 495

My plan was to get 2x 16tb drives, using one for storage and the other as a backup, then in 2-3 months i'd get another 2 16tb drives, doing RAID 5 with 3 and then still using one as a backup (since it's not like I'll be above 16tb of data used yet), but the 18tb drives aren't that much more expensive. Conversely, getting 3 12tb drives to do RAID 5 right away might be advisable, in that i'm still getting more storage then I'll realistically need for like a decade, and for less money, and it may be feasible for me to just straight up buy a 24tb drive to use as a full backup for the full RAID array in a few months

I'm leaning towards the 3 12tb drive approach, is there any downsides to that? My only concern is that I've never done RAID before and I'm a little concerned about what happens if I yank a drive out with the powrer on or the power goes out suddenly: can that fuck up the whole array, or will it work fine once the drive is re-inserted and stuff powers back on?

>>105600190
>2x 18tb drives for 495
this in raid1 like any sane normal person

>>105600331
Why that over the 3x 12tb drives in raid 5?

>>105599585
no, if you want to do that you'll have to get familiar with VRFs and buy real equipment. i dont know of a usecase where you would want to use the same overlapping RFC space because there would be no reason to do that outside of retard mode SCADA networks where some dumbass devices would come hard preprogrammed with identical address space.

>>105590469
>inside a small piece of Ikea furniture
not a bad idea, look up "Lack rack"

>>105572884 (OP)
I'm trying to figure out what hardware I would need to pull off an iSCSI+NFS hybrid NAS:
>2 to 4 HDDs
>2 optane drives for caching
>2 SSDs for OS
>10G ethernet directly to my PC for iSCSI so i can put my steam library on there and access my stuff as if it were directly attached
>1G ethernet to my network so I an access my stuff from within the entire home and via VPN from the outside.
>ECC RAM

I've got an Asus Prime X570-Pro mainboard on hand, but I assume that it does not have enough PCIe lanes for everything and I don't know if I can even bifurcate every PCIe port because Asus' customer support material is not very helpful.

>HDDs:
https://www.amazon.de/dp/B0DCZ6GXGR
or
https://www.amazon.de/dp/B0DFCTBDRQ
depending if new is worth the 30€ premium over re-certified. Should be taken care of by the onboard SATA slots.
If I have enough PCIe lanes I would even consider two of these instead:
https://www.pcking.de/de/_tv/hdd-festplatte/sas/seagate/seagate-exos-2x18-st18000nm0272-festplatte-18-tb-intern-35-89-cm-sas-12gbs.html
>Optane:
https://www.ebay.de/itm/156183154122
I want two of these to cache my most used files so I don't have to wait around for anything to load too long. I would probably get something like this to connect them to a PCIe port: https://www.amazon.de/dp/B0CNG9VYTD
>SSDs
Idk, cheapest SATA SSDs that I trust in RAID1 because I think I don't have enough lanes for M.2 drives.
>10G ethernet
And here is where my dilemma starts
I don't have enough PCIe lanes if I want to go with dual actuator drives, optane cache, m.2 OS drives and 10G ethernet.
These are cheap but they use 8 lanes:
https://www.ebay.de/itm/196139352813
These are expensive but only use 4 lanes:
https://www.ebay.de/itm/166643341272

So what do I do? Looking for mainboard / CPU combos with more lanes that are cheap and don't use a lot of power (europe) has been thankless.
Should I just get the
>X24 x2/4
>Optane x2
>SATA x2
>X540
combo and be happy? What about Bifurcation?

>>105596121
A raspberry pi 4 is fine. Whatever's cheap
If you ever wanna do AI stuff (voice assistant, security camera object recongition) you'll probably want something better, if you just want to turn your lights on and off from your phone it's perfectly fine

As for chinkoid SBCs, the one advantage the raspberry pi has is that it's always well supported by linux and always has up to date images for basically anything you'd wanna run. I've had my fair share of going for "cheaper and more powerful!!" SBCs in the past and it always ends up with me hunting some ports maintained in a poorly documented chink repo. Even when they start off offering good-looking support, it's usually not mainlined and so you're at the mercy of a chinese hardware company for your entire software OS support. Very meh. There MAY be better options nowadays with actually decent support, I'm not sure, but I do know that raspberry pies are definitely always well supported and always will be.

That or get a beelink

>>105594504
>>105596145
Anon I'm very curious why do you keep multiplying the yearly rating by 365?
I agree with what you're saying that TBW/year is a weird metric, but "TBW/year * 365" sounds even weirder. Are you assuming they're rated for 365 years or something? (One drive has a 2-year warranty, the other a 5-year warranty, it would make more sense to multiply the TBW/Y by 2 and 5 respectively.) Or are you multiplying the yearly rated writes by the days in a year for some reason?

>>105596744
Unironically a cluster of raspberry pis. Throw proxmox on them and get yourself a high availability setup.

>>105595479
>>105597184
that cpu should be fine right, just get an Arc A380 for trannycoding

>>105594073
Got it, makes sense. So it's just more flexibility and also statefulness rather than just raw routing.

>>105598223
>More oomph
I thought the entire point of switches is that they use an ASIC with way more oomph than a general-purpose CPU would give. Unless you're saying L3 switches' ASICs are actually shit at L3 routing?

>>105593896
>>105593906
>>105593992
Got it, thanks guys.
I also realised I should just look it up and my ISP apparently says they're using DHCP and you can use your own router and you don't need PPPoE. But it's fiber-to-the-home with a weird separate box (a modem of some sort?) so I assume they probably handle the WAN connection and then it exposes just the DHCP over copper to the actual router.

>>105600190
>>105600389
Personally I hate RAID5. Either use a mirror RAID, or just don't do RAID and simply rely on your backups.
You do you though I guess, I just think it's overengineered and not worth it. I'd get 2x16TB, RAID1 them, and in 2-3 months get another 16TB and set up incremental backups to it.

>>105572884 (OP)
what you use to synch directories both ways?

>>105601263
usually rsync

>>105601226
>it's fiber-to-the-home with a weird separate box (a modem of some sort?)
thats normal, its an ONT
they're very simple devices that essentially just convert between electrical signals for your normal copper wiring and optical signals for your isp's optical network.
as far as your router is concerned they're completely transparent and you might as well have a really long cable plugged into your isp

>>105601293
Oh, neat. Then I have no idea how my ISP is doing authentication (since they say you can use your own router and all it needs to support is DHCP) but I guess I'll try it out

>>105601319
authentication isn't really a thing any more. the modem will have a MAC address that your ISP you use to authenticate you.
BT here in the UK just has a default username & password for all users (bthomehub@btbroadband.com, password BT).

>>105601319
they authenticate the ONT

>>105601356
>>105601366
Oh so the ONT does handle it. The way you said it was transparent almost made it sound like a passive device.
Well that's pretty neat, sounds like it should be super easy to replace the router then.

>>105601373
you can replace the router no problem, but you'll still need to use the modem/ONT.
*technically* you can clone the MAC address of the ONT onto your own SFP fiber module, and use it in a router that allows you to reassign the MAC, like a mikrotik or opnsense, but it's a hassle, and you'd have to be very paranoid to do it. There is no noticeable performance gain to be had.

>>105601412
Yeah I don't see why I would. Replacing the router would be to run OpenWRT and shit without needing to double-NAT, but I don't see any point in replacing the ONT

>>105601424
this is the correct approach. the ONT is basically just a media converter anyway, it doesn't do anything apart from changing fibre to signals to ethernet.

baking...

new
>>105601484

I have a beelink mini s12 running frigate + jellyfin/*arr/jellyseerr on debian, all containerized.

Waiting on 4 refurbed 12tb HDD to setup in ZFS RAIDZ.

How did I do?

>>105601512
how are you gonna connect the hdds, usb hub?

>>105601263
rsync for planned times, syncthing for live (background service)

>>105601226
>Unless you're saying L3 switches' ASICs are actually shit at L3 routing?
That's exactly what I'm saying. Routing doesn't go over the fast path that the switching chips are optimised for.

>>105602104
>>105601226
Also if you want to know why this is then lookup how switches actually work by flooding all ports (dumb L2 switches do this, not L3 switches) or by MAC learning and figuring out a binding of which client is on which port. It turns out that this MAC learning can be done really cheapily in specialised ASIC hardware but routing/forwarding of traffic can't, it almost always has to go over the shitty low-powered CPU which will be a bottleneck.

I really am unable to get IPTV to work

Ideally I want to get streams via VPN and forwarded to Jellyfin but even without VPN I get shit.

I tried Streammaster, threadfin, tvheadend and cabernet and nothing works, any one that can give some advice?

mini PC server eats 4.9W average

>>105602424
What mini-PC are you running, anon?

>>105602447
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQKZSDUtSy4 32gb model
it only cost me 430 euros. running the power-profiles-daemon. also the performance is a lot better on linux than on windows, both in power usage and peak performance. for example I score nearly 2700 ST geekbench, almost same as my desktop 7700x

>>105577048
Nice going, anon. I ended up putting the media "stack" (transmission/emby/sonarr) in one container - simpler, IMO. I'm not really worried about isolating such closely related software.
Exposing emby to the internet via a nginx container was a bit of a hassle but honestly the worst hassle was sharing my letsencrypt certs with multiple containers e.g. email

>>105598327
I'm running an i5 12500k, very not good for what I want to do

>>105598351
>>105598351
Is that like a GPU thing?

>>105602713
>Is that like a GPU thing?
Yes. You should be able to use QuickSync or VAAPI (if running Linux) with your iGPU though as long as your transcoding something that can be handled properly by the video engine built-in to the processor.

>>105593153
I don't know about dGPU but for iGPU I simply did "device passthrough" for /dev/dri/renderD128
>>105594394
kubernetes is a dark path to overcomplicated setups

>>105603235
>kubernetes is a dark path to overcomplicated setups
It makes sense if you're building a cluster. People run it on a single machine too though which is the most crazy/overcomplicated thing imaginable when you can just run plain Docker and call it a day.