1/?
I believe you know "eurogenes", he recently used my comment and I would like to share it here.
We need to define what "Yamnaya" actually means. Basically, we're talking about burials that date back to 3200 to 2600 BCE, with a specific position of the body and burial mounds. These complexes are linked to a group of people who had a very similar genetic makeup, even though they were spread over a huge area. Almost all of the men in this group belonged to the Y-haplogroup R1b-M269-Z2103.

Now, many people think that the Yamnaya are the "Proto-Indo-Europeans", but that's not exactly true. They may have contributed to several languages and populations that emerged later, such as the Tocharians, the Armenians, and some languages of the ancient Balkans. But to be honest, linguistics is not the focus here. Let's just understand who these guys were.

>>17805553 (OP)
2/?
Archaeologists believe that the Yamnaya have links to earlier groups, such as Khvalynsk, Repin and Mikhalivka. But because material culture can be copied and borrowed, ancient DNA is a more objective tool for understanding the origins of populations. Yeah, this is pretty useless and relative, to say the least.

The problem is that there is a lot of confusing information out there, with different analyses and results. A simpler, more rational approach is needed, and one way to do that is to analyze related individuals across time and space.

the Y-haplogroup R1b-M269, which is found in some individuals from the Kuban steppe around 3700 BC. But interestingly, this haplogroup was not found in men from the same region in earlier periods (5000-4000 BC). Instead, men from the Kuban steppe and the North Caucasus had a different haplogroup, R1b-V1636.

>>17805560
3/?
The guys from the Nalchik cemetery also had this haplogroup R1b-V1636, or something similar. They were buried in a specific way, with a mix of Caucasian and steppe ancestry. It’s likely that they had a burial mound above their graves.

We don’t know exactly when the R1b-V1636 clans arrived in the North Caucasus region, but it seems that they were attracted by trade with North Caucasian ancestry groups. What’s more, the Nalchik individuals had little Central Asian ancestry, while those from the Kuban steppe had more. This suggests that Central Asian ancestry arrived in the region after the R1b-V1636 clans settled there

And finally, two men from the Meshoko culture have been identified with haplogroup J2a-L26. It’s a complex story, but it’s fascinating to see how mutt people can be

>>17805566
4/?
A major change occurred in the North Caucasus after 4000 BCE. This was when the Maykop phenomenon emerged, thanks to new migrations from the south. But these were not the famous “Uruk migrants” that are sometimes spoken of the Uruk phenomenon happened later, in Mesopotamia. Instead, these newcomers came from the South Caucasus, bringing with them West Asian lineages such as Y-hg T, L2, J2a, J2b and G2, basically, churkas.

Over time, they mixed with the groups already there, forming the Novosvobodnaja phenomenon. The emergence of Maykop changed everything, breaking the previous system dominated by the Y-hg R1b-V1636 clans. The Maykop sphere consisted of a “core” of chiefs buried in elaborate kurgans near the mountains, and a dynamic northern “frontier” in the steppe lands.

At least three genetic groups can be defined in the "Majkop periphery", which we can call the "Maykop of the steppe". They are: 1) the group with West Siberian ancestry; 2) the "Zolotarevka" group from the South Caucasus/North Iranian; and 3) the R1b-M269 duo.

V1636 clans are from Lower Volga. The Middle Volga pre-Khvalynsk communities also weren't V1636. Like most EHG they were M73 and Q.

PIE are from Southern Russia, from the steppes. OG clans were V1636, M269 might be a minor lineage that later expanded or some related people that were assimilated. Same with R-M417.

>>17805572
5/5
These individuals, regardless of their genetic origins, were often buried in kurgans that over time formed clusters. Interestingly, these kurgans were not continuations of those built before 4000 BCE, but rather were consciously chosen by communities after that date. This suggests a discontinuity, but once constructed, these clusters of kurgans continued to develop for hundreds of years, until the Yamnaya period.
This does not mean that there was ethnic homogeneity or continuity, only a “continuity of place.” Without a direct connection between ancestors, we are left to speculate that the Y-hg R1b-M269 individuals moved from somewhere between the Volga and Don rivers. Perhaps they came from groups that used Repin pottery, but did not continue to use this pottery in their new contexts

Around 3000 BCE, the Majkop system collapsed, and the Yamnaya groups and their “Catacomb” descendants took control of the northern Caucasus region. It is likely that they benefited from years of trade and knowledge exchange. It remains to be seen whether the Yamnaya are truly descended from individuals like KST-1 or NV3003, but these are the closest clues we have.

I'm just glad M269 has been finally found North of Caucasus. I remember retards claiming that this haplogroup is from Belarussian forests or something equally stupid because it's more related to M73 than to V1636.

Hey, looks like someone is feeling like a genius, huh? Writing a bunch of stuff that even women know? Let me put an end to your arrogance real quick. Why did you delete that reply of yours on the Polish blog post?

Seriously, Repin is not the origin, and you know it. The problem with Repin is that it has several conflicting aspects with Mikhailovka and is probably complementary to it as part of the post-Sredny cultural complex. And NV3003? It's not the Yamnaya profile in autosomes, it's more like Sredny without Dnieper_N, a variant of the Don of Eastern Sredny. That's it, it's over. It's really over.

According to lazaridis, so is the best profile for yamnaya (pay attention at the sources that i used)

Who even cares at this point? We know they were ruskies and that Anthony was broadly right about everything.

>>17805603
wrong, Yamnaya can be modeled as ~90% Mikhailovka + 10% Dneper HG, or 90% kst-1 + 10% Ukr.

>>17805603
This suggests that the Maykop groups lost to Churkanaya and to the west to mix with the European Cernavoda women

>>17805612
Maykop lost for sure. They were the civilized incels from the South and were buckbroken by northern barbarians.

>>17805616
by the way, Caucasian MISOGYNIST BULLS are present as far away as the Volga cline.
and the most important PIE lineages in the Balkans have their origins in these mountain gods. J>R

and this has been true since the Mesolithic. Furthermore, it is the same Caucasian source as Berezhnevka, as anon has proven here>>17805603

>>17805609
Mikhailovka works like a mixture of Eneolithic Steppe + Dnieper + EEF, you retard. nobody cares about your amateur blog post

>>17805579
What is your conclusion after all? If I am thinking of the same article you based it on, KST001 and NV3003 in the article are under the influence of Maykop, and both have a Neolithic admixture from the South Caucasus.

OP has already started with wrong premises, why do you think you are experts in something? huh? damn, I lose mine with nail polish and other crap that we women do and I know that it is necessary to read beyond the abstract, seriously, I read this article in less than 10 minutes
>NV3003
it is true that it has a high number of phylogenetic equivalents of R-M269, but it is also late, since it dates from around 3700 BC, so it is quite irrelevant to any "origin" for the context of the Volga.

>>17805574
This
PIA came from the Don region and Golubaya_Krinitsa is ukraine mesolithic+ Samara HG

>>17805553 (OP)
>Now, many people think that the Yamnaya are the "Proto-Indo-Europeans", but that's not exactly true. They may have contributed to several languages and populations that emerged later, such as the Tocharians, the Armenians, and some languages of the ancient Balkans. But to be honest, linguistics is not the focus here. Let's just understand who these guys were.
Why?

>>17805653
He is basically coping davidski's arguments
So... SS? Repin? How old was PIE?

Hello my lords
I think... maybe... KST001 and NV3003, being R-M269, might be giving us an important clue... _nervous_... If KST001 is more like Yamnaya and NV3003 is more like Piedmont... _gulps_... That could mean that the proto-Yamnaya was... _whispers_... somewhere near the Don around this time... _looks around nervously_... I don't know if I'm right, but... _hesitates_... it seems like there's an interesting connection here... _hopes not to be criticized_...

>>17806547
Don Yamnaya is extremely different from the other samples, I don't know if it could be the core, and if it was, it is extremely useless and died in the steppe.
The Yamnaya in general were very homogeneous, but the Yamnaya of Don are more distant from them.

>>17806547
>>17806535
The lower Don doesn't seem like a good candidate, due to the very matriarchal excess of UKR_N in these "Don Yamnaya" samples. I'm not sure about repin, aren't they too old??
>>17806554
Yes. They're very different, even lazaridis noticed it

>>17806569
>>17806554
What differentiates the Yamnaya from each other is that the upper Don nucleus has much Remontnoye, and consequently, less Sredny Stog

>>17806589
I apologize, I got confused
Don Yamnaya is the one who has less Remontnoye.
Don Yamnaya has Alkhantepe

>>17806589
>>17806594
Which still being a shitty theory, Check-out>>17805603
Less than 10% of each ancestry you cited

>>17806554
>>17806569
Don Yamnaya is probably a very important piece of the puzzle. Even Iron Age Macedonians have excess Ukraine_N, so that probably hints at the Proto-Greek steppe profile. When we consider that alongside the excess Ukraine_N in Northern Europeans, I think there must have been a larger population of WSHs with excess Ukraine_N than current samples would lead us to believe.
Don't just model the admixture of people located on the steppe. Model the admixture of the migrants from the steppe in other locations to see how their admixture proportions differ from current steppe samples.

>>17806639