>>17858108Firstly the Spartan citizenry weren’t enslaved to anything. They trained often true however they spent most of their time hunting and riding or learning.
The Spartan martial ethos and discipline largely came from its youth upbringing for both male and female. After becoming a full citizen Spartans were free to do whatever, including extensive travel.
Sparta’s strength was never actually broken. No city state resisted Macedon. No city state resisted Rome. The Spartans of the 1st century were just as strong as the Spartans of the 5th century. Whoever their relative power, RELATIVE power, has declined. This is not a true decline as much as it is a failure to expand. But the same was true of Athens.
The mode of life of the city state had diminished, without the extensive confederation system of the domineering Romans or the far reaching tributary system of Persia or the Barbarian tribes, the city states had a hard limit on what they could do militarily and economically.
This same problem occurred 1500 years later in Italy where their city states were lb for lb uncontested world heavy weight champions. However their inability to unify meant they were being overwhelmed by larger modes of organization such as the National/Linguistic body (France, Brandenburg, Poland, England) which saw cities that individually couldn’t hold a candle to an Italian village were when unified capable of overtaking all of Italy.
So too with the Greeks.
It’s really just a Medbug curse.
Iberians managed to dodge this somehow, likely because they have a unified interior.
But the Central Med coastal city states, probably due to the mobility of the sea, never formed a cohesive identity to go beyond the city state level.
Unironically it wasn’t until racial politics gripped the Balkans during the ottoman wars the Greeks fully unified as a people rather than city states (classical) or administrative zones (Byzantine)