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anal nematodes (threadworms/pinworms) – quick factsheet
what they are:
small parasitic worms (usually enterobius vermicularis) that infect the intestine and can cause anal itching, especially at night.
more common in children but can affect adults too, including sexually active men who have receptive anal sex.
symptoms:
itching or irritation around the anus, worse at night
restless sleep, sometimes abdominal discomfort
in some cases, no noticeable symptoms
spread:
eggs are passed in stool and can survive on surfaces, bedding, or hands
spread by touching contaminated surfaces, food, or sexual contact involving the anus
treatment:
oral antiparasitic medication (commonly mebendazole, albendazole, or pyrantel pamoate) – often a single dose, repeated after 2 weeks
all household/sexual partners usually treated at the same time to stop reinfection
self-care & prevention:
wash hands thoroughly after bathroom use and before eating
keep nails short and clean
shower in the morning to remove eggs laid overnight
wash bedding, towels, and underwear in hot water regularly
avoid rimming/anal contact until treatment is completed and symptoms resolve
see a doctor if:
symptoms persist after treatment
there’s abdominal pain, weight loss, or blood in stool
you’re immunocompromised
