>>24646330
Aquinas is often looked to as the answer to perfectionism but this involves redefining the word. You're still stuck with playing the which came first game.
>>24646337
His arguments stem from contrast with privation though. Utilitarians have already cored this one. You could claim Nozick but he used organic justification so you didn't solve anything and made Aquinas secular. Marxist arguments are out there against the utilitarians on this issue but convertibility doesn't go anywhere and agreement on worthless by itself is standard and you are removing notions of good and replacing them with use and exchange values. This is a long way of saying that if everyone involved all has the same definition of good then there won't be any issues. Otherwise metaphysics ensues.