>>512877714 (OP)
To be fair, a lot of these African countries are much less developed, and never had development in the first place in past eras, whereas India did. Furthermore, they are much less population-dense, and people are shitting in holes in rural areas that doesnโt runoff into major water supplies, and as for Eritrea, honestly I donโt see why theyโd invest in plumbing with such extreme water shortage, and so much sand they can dig up and shit in, which would honestly serve as fertilizer and maybe undo some desertification.
Also, India had a mass campaign to install indoor defecation facilities and they are severely misused and unsanitary, not only that, but if the toilet is inside the home, traditional Hindus will refuse to use them.