>>513837151 (OP)
The best way to describe how beyond the law a person is, isn't a boolean but instead a 2-axis spectrum with identity of individual along the bottom, and amount of immunity to law on the vertical. You can also map this 3D because time also plays a role: everyone starts out with little immunity to law, it grows until it reaches a high point, then drops off after some point.
In this frame every person has a measured quantity of immunity to Law, hashmap keyed to [time of inquiry] and the answer becomes relative. Joseph Stalin in his secret Dacha being a textbook example of law_immunity.maxval. You can break down by named legal system, since there are hundreds, are we talking Canada Law, American law or Palestine Islamic Jurisprudence? As soon as you have all that, what about diplomats and contested areas? Infinite colors.
To make progress, we can flatten it down: "All legal systems on planet must collapse to one of say 200 individuals". These can be Rank orderd by power projection, might makes right, and "number of people affected".
The suggestion is that not a single person gets above a system, so to speak, is maximally incorrect. The oligarchs will push back: "But all federations need to have an obsidian order, tal shiar and section 31 to head-shot threats to a federations very survival, we need some people beyond law like Israel, Mossad, British MI6, then America's dipshit clownshow: CIA, FBI, DOJ, Homeland security and a dozen other Arab-Hashemite-Judeo nepotistic nigger-stasi klannish civilization jihad fighters.