I believe that the economic system of a society automatically arises from the means of violence available to that determined social group, it's a form of materialism, but instead of being based around production means like Marx, it's based around the means through which violence can be employed that are available at a given time.

For example, a caste based system like in medieval times comes from the fact that the weapons available for the most time required great skill, this means that a smaller group of elite warriors could place a larger population under slavery with ease.
If you analyze how society was organized back then, it was buit around military bases (castles) and followed what is essentially martial law.
When new firearm technology became available that allowed a large group of peasants to threaten and kill the King and his guard, the World changed.

Now power was in the hands of large masses of armed people, this gave rise the totalitarian States of the 19th and 20th century that could gather those huge masses under one guiding ideology, it's also the reason for the rise of democracy, each person has a vote, each person has that potential for political violence within them that is represented by that vote.

But technology is changing at a high rate and maybe extremely refined and exclusive technology will bring back a caste system with transhuman lords, maybe a new system entirely.

OP, this is a serious you post, you would gain a lot from becoming well versed into system theory and chaos theory, you can start with Chaos: Making a New Science, Book by James Gleick, it's a very fun read and doesn't require a degree or anything to undestand it, cheers.