>>509870573
To a large extent, the great monotheistic religions are averse to local loyalties, after all the kingdom is not of this world, they are universalist and everyone is equal. But in the case of Greece and republican Rome there is a lot written about the problem of how to reconcile the individual with his community and nothing about a world under a single faith or anything like that (being faithful to your land meant hating foreigners). Hence the ideology of republicanism and the aspirations for self-government without references to kings (from then on seen as tyrants), without fear of divisions in society due to religious conflicts (everyone is loyal to the sovereign, in this case, the nation), and etc. A source of inspiration for patriotism, a feeling that was greatly weakened throughout the Middle Ages.

In the pic related, a painting by Jacques-Louis David, which, despite being from 1784, i.e before the French Revolution, already demonstrates the strength of this ideal. It is the representation of a story where two friendly families (brothers from one are married to sisters from another, something like that), one family from Rome and the other from Alba Longa. However, with a war between the two cities, it is decided that the fight will be reduced to two groups from each and it just so happens that the two families find themselves in conflict. In the painting, we can see the moment when the three Horace brothers (Romans) swear an oath to their father while the women only cry and do not understand what honor is.