Bottom Line!

The study reconciles previous archaeological and linguistic frameworks (like the Steppe hypothesis) with genomic data by showing:

Steppe-related groups did arrive in India and contributed genetically,
But their influence was relatively small—around 15% on average, and heavily diluted by extensive mixing over millennia.
So, while the arrival of Indo-European languages and Steppe cultural elements may have had wide-reaching effects, the genetic footprint left behind is modest.