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7/22/2025, 8:54:32 AM
>>96152038
Listen up, mugs and molls! Big Stripe’s the high-hat bruiser in orange-and-blue who sends hoodlums to the clinker with a single haymaker! He's packing more power than a Model-T, see, and got muscles and moxie in spades!
Listen up, mugs and molls! Big Stripe’s the high-hat bruiser in orange-and-blue who sends hoodlums to the clinker with a single haymaker! He's packing more power than a Model-T, see, and got muscles and moxie in spades!
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