>>512694142
>a trajectory that exits Earth's magnetosphere at one of the poles
Not even close to the truth

The Apollo flight paths specifically avoided the strongest part of the inner (strongest) Van Allen belt
And because of the physics of spaceflight, they were traveling the fastest as they were just escaping Earth's gravity well
So they avoided the worst and sped through the bad
And even then the overall dose was incredibly small, pic related

Readings were the average of various dosimeters that they carried on the Apollo spacecraft with the astronauts
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19730010172/downloads/19730010172.pdf

Russia also sent a vessel with a "fly-by" of the Moon, the Zond-5, with tortoises, insects, plants, seeds, and so on.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zond_5

Also https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrCfkcb_DuQ
Also https://youtu.be/fMHLvoWZfqQ?t=3098