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Arab Peace Initiative (2002): This proposal by Arab states offered Israel normalization of relations in exchange for a complete withdrawal from territories occupied since 1967, including a Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital, and a just resolution for Palestinian refugees. The initiative was supported by the Palestinian Authority but repeatedly rejected by Israel.

2003 Road Map for Peace: A plan developed by the Quartet (the United States, United Nations, European Union, and Russia) for a final peace agreement and a two-state solution.

2008 Olmert Proposals: Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert presented a peace proposal to Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, which included significant withdrawals from the West Bank.

2013-14 Kerry Negotiations: These talks, led by US Secretary of State John Kerry, ultimately failed to achieve a peace agreement.

2020 Trump Peace Plan: This plan, formally titled "Peace to Prosperity: A Vision to Improve the Lives of the Palestinian and Israeli People," was rejected by the Palestinian Authority and faced international criticism

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