Production
To start things off, let's discuss production, the bedrock of your nation’s wealth. Every Location in EU5 has a type of raw material it produces and to gather that raw material, you need to gather it whether it be farming, hunting, mining, extracting or whatever else it may be. We call these raw material extractions as a resource gathering operation or R.G.O for short. R.G.Os are staffed by a sub-group of the commoner class known as Laborers. Positioned just above peasants in the social hierarchy, Laborers form the backbone of your economy by working in R.G.Os as well as certain production buildings, ensuring the steady flow of raw materials your nation depends on. In some cases in EU5, R.G.Os can also be worked on by slave pops.

RGO Map mode

The range of goods produced across the world in Europa Universalis V is vast and varied — from essential staples like grain and livestock, to strategic resources such as iron, copper, and coal, and all the way to coveted luxuries like silk, cloves, and precious gems.

What a Location produces is shaped by these factors:

Geography & Climate: The natural environment heavily influences production. Fertile plains favor grain harvests, while mountainous terrain may conceal rich mineral deposits. Climate determines what crops thrive and which resources are accessible, with certain raw materials tied to specific regions. For instance, cloves in south east asia or Cocoa in Central America.

Cloves in South East Asia - the only place in the world where cloves exist in game start

Similarly Cocoa can only be found in Central and South America