Does anyone have an explanation for what Chopper did here? Because to me it seems like Luffy's Gear 5 toon force powers were manifested through Chopper allowing him to do the roadrunner cartoon running on air.

My crackpot theory is that Luffy will slowly unlock an ability similar to Imu's marks that allows him to share power with other people and the 'X' marks from Alabasta already established the link between him and Chopper, Nami, Zoro, Sanji, Usopp, and Vivi.
Instead of immortality, teleportation and eternal youth, they get toon force power. And that's how the crew is going to level up enough to fight enemies like the God's Knights.