Maybe, MAYBE, if the game had a little more nuance to it a case for joining the Stormcloaks could be made, but as things stand now (and especially with insight into real life politics), you'd have to be a complete dumbass to not join the Empire of Man. I say nuance because in a game like New Vegas you can potentially find reasons to align with Caesar's Legion as opposed to House, NCR makes no sense.
I imagine the people who join Stormcloaks are hillbilly Americans who say Eastern European shitholes are based for voting far-right candidates, for having a lot of churches etc. I am a Christian from an Eastern European shithole, the churches are unfortunately empty and often used to launder money, the voting block for the far right candidates are toothless stinky peasants who talk of God while robbing and camwhoring and think their village priest wrote the Bible. Kind of like the drunk and smelly Stormcloak guards in Whiterun, and Heimskr who directs you to libraries if you ask him about Talos.
The Empire was founded by men, for men, and elves and beast folk were allowed in. The White-Gold Concordat will be meaningless by the time the Empire-supporting Dragonborn, with Thu'um, Dragon and Blades by his side will join the fight.