>>520975079
On this website, you can see maps of Europe at each centurial turning point, i.e. as the countries of Europe existed in 1400, 1500, 1600 etc.
It looks like the process of European civilization took until roughly AD 1900 to get right, then, after 1918, when a bunch of new nation-statelets were born in Europe, mainly in the East and in the Balkans, and the map of Europe changed radically, Europe's continental peak, which took a thousand years to achieve after the birth of modern Europe's nations during the Dark Age following Rome's collapse in Europe circa AD 500 to AD 1000, had passed and Europe had now entered its decline, or the phase that is the converse of continental development but instead which should be regarded as continental decay or disintegration.
The division of Europe into countries, i.e. states governing population groups typically along more or less ethnic lines, achieved the best possible distribution of Europe into distinct countries during the late 1800s and early 1900s (the era of colonialism before World War I, which was also the era of Europe's greatest ever geopolitical and economic and cultural power as the European empires literally carved up most of the planet, even Antarctica in a rudimentary way that was meant to serve as the template for later economic activity in Antarctica according to which countries had which claims over the region).
Can Europe ever regain the national rationality depicted on a map of Europe as Europe was divided into separate countries circa 1900, or is Europe doomed to be a national mess from her on out, where out means until European civilization ends and it replaced by a recognizably different civilization?