Government Buildings: These are buildings that generally impact your nation on a nationwide scale, giving bonuses such as crown power and cabinet efficiency. Many of these buildings are limited in number and can only be built in the capital. Examples of this are the Chancery or Royal Court.

You can only have one Royal Court in your nation

Location Unique Buildings: While buildings that only certain nations can build exist in EU5, such as the janissary barracks for the Ottomans or the Fretoria for Portugal, there are also unique buildings that are location specific. These buildings give unique modifiers, sometimes country wide, that can only be built and upgraded in specific locations in the entire world. Examples of this are the Seljuk Mints in Sivas and Konya or the Library of Vijayangar in the city of Vijayangar.

Seljuk Mints can only be built in the locations of Konya and Sivas

Many buildings will upgrade over time depending on advancements in research and some buildings fit many of these roles in one building, such as a dock that gives more sailors for your navy while also reducing proximity cost through a port.

Docks give both sailors and proximity cost