>Vultures have incredibly acidic stomachs, with pH levels as low as 1.0-2.0, thanks to hydrochloric acid and enzymes like pepsin. This acidity obliterates most pathogens, including bacteria like Clostridia and Fusobacteria, which are toxic to other animals. Studies, such as those from the 2014 Live Science article, show that this harsh environment even breaks down the DNA of their prey, neutralizing potential threats.
>Their intestines host a unique bacterial community that thrives on the toxic brew of carrion. Research highlighted in the Smithsonian Magazine (2020) notes that vultures harbor pathogens like those causing tetanus and botulism, but these microbes are either controlled or repurposed by the vulture’s system to extract nutrients. This suggests a symbiotic relationship where the bacteria help digest the meat further.
>Their intestines host a unique bacterial community that thrives on the toxic brew of carrion. Research highlighted in the Smithsonian Magazine (2020) notes that vultures harbor pathogens like those causing tetanus and botulism, but these microbes are either controlled or repurposed by the vulture’s system to extract nutrients. This suggests a symbiotic relationship where the bacteria help digest the meat further.
