>>106358480 (OP)
For me it's
C - lower level
Java - higher level
Perl - shell scripting
SQL - you know, it's sql
Javascript - browser...
I don't want to use and learn C++, because it's frankenstein and overcomplicated. If I need higher level I would just use Java.
Ruby and Python are redundant and for higher level development I would just use Java. Java is fast to code in. There is really no time saving unless you are very beginner level at programming in general. You won't move faster. If you are good at Java you can do stuff quickly with better maintainability and refactorability. And why write in Python to later rewrite it in Java?
If I were to learn "safe" language for system programming I would pick Ada over Rust, because Rust ecosystem gives me retarded webdev vibes. I just don't like the way they approach development. Micro dependencies and overreliance on dependencies are bad. It also breaks older code. I would rather use boring language and implement more stuff myself.
For shellscripting Python is retarded. Perl is basically shell++, just solid. I've never bothered to learn Bash arrays and I always use POSIX for shell scripts. When there is a need for something more complex I upgrade. Before learning Perl I sometimes reached for AWK, but Perl is just objectively superior. Some people say good things about Lua, but I'm already Perl guy. I basically grew up with shell so Perl was an obvious choice for me for more complex shell scripting.
I don't like Javascript, but there is no way to replace it. The transpilers are stupid imo. Why bother? If someone writes web backends in Javascript they are lost cause and are probably the type of person that ironically thinks Javascript is a good language.
