Thread 106576153

Rooftop Computing Edition.

Previous: >>106518956.

READ THE (temp)WIKI! & help by contributing:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Home_server

/hsg/ is about learning and expanding your horizons. Know all about NAS? Learn virtualization. Spun up some VMs? Learn about networking by standing up a OPNsense/PFsense box and configuring some VLANs. There's always more to learn and chances to grow. Think you’re god-tier already? Setup OpenStack and report back.

>What software should I run?
Install Gentoo. Or whatever flavor of *nix is best for the job or most comfy for you. Jellyfin/Emby/Plex to replace Netflix, Nextcloud to replace Googlel, Ampache/Navidrome to replace Spotify, the list goes on. Look at the awesome self-hosted list and ask.

>Why should I have a home server?
De-botnet your life. Learn something new. Serving applications to yourself, your family, and your frens feels good. Put your tech skills to good use for yourself and those close to you. Store their data with proper availability redundancy and backups and serve it back to them with a /comfy/ easy to use interface.

>Links & resources
Cool stuff to host: https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted
https://reddit.com/r/datahoarder
https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/wiki/index
https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Features
ARM-based SBCs: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PGaVu0sPBEy5GgLM8N-CvHB2FESdlfBOdQKqLziJLhQ
Low-power x86 systems: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1LHvT2fRp7I6Hf18LcSzsNnjp10VI-odvwZpQZKv_NCI
SFF cases https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AddRvGWJ_f4B6UC7_IftDiVudVc8CJ8sxLUqlxVsCz4/
Cheap disks: https://shucks.top/ https://diskprices.com/
PCIE info: https://files.catbox.moe/id6o0n.pdf
>i226-V NICs are bad for servers
>For more SATA ports, use PCIe SAS HBAs in IT mode
WiFi fixing: pastebin.com/raw/vXJ2PZxn (embed) (embed) (embed)
Cockpit is nice for remote administration

Remember:
RAID protects you from DOWNTIME
BACKUPS protect you from DATA LOSS

Help me out /hsg/
So my ISP put me behind a CGNAT and I had a H@H client serving.
I want to be able to get it restarted, I've mostly settled on tunneling to a VPS with wireguard.
I have the tunnel working, but I'm filtered by the iptables rules that are apparently necessary for WG to accept the incoming connections to port 443 and routing it to the OS that hosts the H@H client.

My server config looks like the one in this guide
https://moddedbear.com/using-wireguard-to-self-host-around-a-carrier-grade-nat/
But H@H is still failing the connectivity check, I checked all the IPs and interfaces are correct, Oracle egress rules have port 443 open on the VPS' network.
Sysctl ipv4 forward is enabled.

Anything else I should try?

>>106576721
is your web application actually listening on the wireguard interface on the local machine?

>>106576815
I assume it is.
Windows is the actual host, H@H recognizes the Oracle VPS as the external IP so It's going through the tunnel, it just can't accept incoming 443 connections

>>106576854
some web applications also require you to set the proxy address as an allowed "external ip" in order to accept the connection. I have no idea what h@h is or how that would be configured. You can use netcat to troubleshoot the actual network infrastructure but it's probably ar the application

home server anons with lots of external drives and mini pc's running how do you avoid this

yeah..... i uh noticed...

>>106576963
this is what the rack is for. You have all of your cables going into as few devices as possible so that you don't have to string spaghetti between it and the rest of your setup.

might as well ask here too
have any of yous had problems with torrenting on CoW FS' such as ZFS or BTRFS? (fragmentation, excessive I/O)

>>106578092
Is pre-allocate disk space turned on in your torrenting client?

>>106576153 (OP)
>READ THE (temp)WIKI
is it really temporary if its been linked in the OP for a year?

>>106578092
no, what problems were you expecting
>>106578166
/hsg/ op content is and always has been worthless, except maybe the mini pc spreadsheet.

>>106578092
i have 4% fragmentation with 8TB // 2000 torrents on zfs. its really not a big deal.

>>106578206
>/hsg/ op content is and always has been worthless, except maybe the mini pc spreadsheet.
wrong, that retarded german spreadsheet is also worthless.

Do I really need enterprise drives if I'm not doing multiple tb/year writes and instead just have it powered on 24/7?

>>106578256
yeah I looked at it after I said that and realized it's not the same spreadsheet I looked at a year ago

>>106578297
>not doing multiple tb/year writes and instead just have it powered on 24/7?
why now use SSDs at at point? They are a lot more predictable than HDDs in such a scenario i think.

>>106578682
Price/tb. for $250 I can get 4tb of flash storage OR I can get a 25tb spinner.

My unit is getting pretty old, and I was given a host of used (but recent) enterprise dell slim towers with decent innards.

Outside of running a separate machine as a NAS, is there a decent way to attach drives externally that isn't... External drives?

>>106579376
put an HBA with an external port in, and build a disk shelf.

a while ago i got a used optiplex on ebay and run plex on it. but the hard drive (20TB) is almost full. how should i expand? NAS or get a computer case that can hold multiple hard drives?

>>106579376
Look for an external JBOD enclosure that connects to an internal HBA.
eg. QNAP makes a kit with both: TL-D400S (can't argue as to whether it's any good however)

>randomly lose connection to nas (nfs shares, ssh, cockpit)
>it's still on, and I can connect to the ipmi
>also shows up in list of devices connected to router and can ping it
>only way I can access it again is by restarting
Any idea what the problem could be? This shit is stressing me out. It's not my PC because my server loses access to it too.

>>106579893
did you check the journal of the server? first place to check to see if there is something that comes up when it fails
be sure your journal is not set to volatile so it can be reviewed next reboot

Planning out my requirements for my homeserver/homelab sounds fun, but I'm not too sure if I'll actually be using any of the services I'm setting up since I'm a hermit that spends all my time infront of my pc already...I'm running out of storage on my HDDs so I've been debating if I should get a JBOD/DAS or look into a NAS. But if I do get a NAS, I'll obviously need to have good design principles and link that to other components like a home server which is another can of worms. How do you anons get over this decision paralysis?

>>106576963
it looks fine to me. cable management is largely a meme. even the fancy photogenic racks have all the shit hidden back behind where it isn't visible. And it's a real pain in the ass to swap or troubleshoot something when all of the cables are wrapped tighter than a nun's underwear.

I guess the real takeaway is get a different cabinet with panels so the spaghetti isn't visible.

>>106580408
Get an AMD EPYC 4545P, pair it with a Supermicro H13SAE-MF or ASRock Rack B650D4U / EPYC4000D4U mobo and build a single node capable of everything via virtualisation.
It'll be expensive up front but should cover any evolving need for probably a decade.

>>106579492
>>106580408
IMO a NAS is only really necessary if you have more than like a terabyte of files that you really *can't* lose. The NAS acts as a secure box to keep everything online, backed up, and energized.

I'm going to be replacing drives in my zfs pool with a different model, because if noise. I have no way to just make another box and just copy data over a network or within the same system. All drives have the same nominal capacity, but replacements are of different brand.

Should I make a binary copy of each pooled drive to a new one and then zfs import the pool back with fresh drives, or should I zfs replace it piecemeal and rebuild the array for each drive? Four rebuilds seem pretty excessive.

>>106578092
I have issues with encrypted BTRFS if I allocate too much disk, the IO hangs the fucking system. Probably my fault for using a biz encryption algorithm for it. One of these days I will format it.

>>106578769
why not maybe get some used drives while you are at it? Make a nice raid of them and it will probably be cheaper to replace a cheap drive every now and then and you won't have to worry about not having enterprise drives.

If it weren't for me being naive when i was new and because of space/electricity constrains i would have went that route too.

>>106576153 (OP)
A bunch of days ago I figured out I was doing reverse proxy wrong. I was generating local self signed certificates with caddy and importing them on each of my devices. I still don't fully understand the logic but eventually I used acme.sh to generate let's encrypt certificates, validated them using my DDNS API and installed them in my caddy container. Now my browsers stopped yapping

Want to get a better router for my home network.
The ASUS has shit the bead and no longer actually forwards ports even when I tell it to.

I use OPNSense on my server and love it.
Is there any good hardware for hosting this on that is small. I like the idea of maybe running OpenBSD on a smaller Arm box, but I like the UI that OPNsense provides.

On a side note, if I can get a smaller box with at least 4x10GBSFP, I can smuggle it into the datacenter colo to designate for server space and use it for my server network to reconfigure my hyprvisor as I please.

On one hand it would be nice if my mobos chipset is near meltdown but on the other i don't trust random drivers from github.

>>106581452
>nice if my mobos chipset is near meltdown
*to know if

does anyone make ATX 6 or 8 pins to 8 SATA power cables?
or is that some kinda fire hazard

>>106581670
>ATX 6 or 8 pin
you mean pcie?
doesnt have the right voltages

>>106580511
>even the fancy photogenic racks have all the shit hidden back behind where it isn't visible.

>>106581670
>ATX 6 or 8 pins
You mean PCIe power? Those don't provide 5v.

>to 8 SATA power
On a SATA->SATA splitter that would be out of spec and a fire hazard, by design SATA power connectors max out at 4.5A per rail (1.5A per pin).

>>106581670
molex to sata is still the best option
just don't buy shitty cables. the sata connectors should be crimped and not moulded plastic.

for peace of mind you can make your own cables

>>106582663
>should be crimped and not moulded plastic
Yeah, about that...

>>106582663
Both are crap.

If I'm not using a backplane, then I refuse to use anything that's not SFF-8482.

Openwrt keeps giving different devices the same IP when I use the same network cable (by manually moving it from one device to the other)
Is there a way to make DHCP on the openwrt router given them a new IP?

>>106583424
You can
>Restart dhcp service, if there is an option for this, maybe will work maybe not
>Restart router
>Set dhcp renewal to 1 minute, unplug everything for 61+ seconds, then plug in
>Use address reservation to manually assign the ips you want
Swapping cables and ports won't do anything since that obviously doesn't change the device mac

>>106583544
Sorry if this is another dumb question, but given how the device MAC addresses would be different, how is it missing that?

dockerd-rootless sucks ass. Aint nothin working over there.
Just let me mount a named volume pleaseeeee ;-;

>>106583555
do the rootful saar

who /scrubbing/ here rn

>>106583575
almost done. No issues like always.
Just making sure that the migration worked fine.

>>106583552
I must have dyslexiad the 1st part. Mapping ip per port is strange behavior, at least as a default. I'm not too familiar with openwrt but you can try those options still, and I would look for a setting or command to possibly change that behavior.

are these ugreen NAS worth it?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEu6LTKbqcA

>>106582724
>>106582765
you missed the don't buy shitty cables

>>106580035
Yeah I checked the journal. Unfortunately I don't see anything that might've caused it.
I actually had the same issue with my previous NAS build and I replaced everything except the PSU and HDDs. It doesn't lose power. I left it on overnight to see if it would fix itself (it didn't) and it was still running. I guess the HBA could also be overheating but the boot drive is an NVMe so I don't think that would cause a crash. I've tested the RAM (plus it's ECC) so that shouldn't be the issue. I don't think it's the router or switch because only the NAS disconnects. I've tried different cables and ports too.

Is there an easy way to automate generating and renewing tailscale certs via nginx proxy manager? Or would I need to do external scripting to avoid manually generating and moving cert files every month and a half?

>>106583650
rather than IP being mapped to a port, it could be a case of DHCP lease or ARP entry being cleared as soon as the device is disconnected. so I want to know what happens when the second device gets connected without the first being disconnected, both when device 1 and device 2 gets connected first.

Anyone here set up Loki + alloy (log monitoring stack)? Is it worth it it kind of looks like a pain in the butt

>>106580511
This. Unless you go with custom length cables you're going to have a visual shitshow and when you do you're going to severely restrict practicality just so it looks a bit better.

>>106583930
It's just another prebuilt NAS so basically:
>pros:
>most likely smaller than custom built stuff
>low power draw (probably?)
>cheap (I think?)
>easy to set up and use for normies
>cons:
>proprietary locked down OS
>normie-friendly software only
>very limited in terms of scalability and customization (software-wise)
>ho hardware customization at all (soldered-on RAM, eMMC, etc)
If you know exactly what you need and you're 100% certain this thing fully covers your use case then sure, why the fuck not.

Has anyone upgraded a gen 8 micro server with a higher TDP CPU? And if so, what was your experience with cooling? Did you have to upgrade the heatsink? I am hoping to put in a 55W CPU in mine but the stock cooler is only rated for 35w iirc.

>using old laptop as NAS
>windows 10, storage spaces
>block it from internet, i feel uneasy leaving my motherloade of all data directly exposed to the internet 24/7
>it doesn't need internet so why not block it?
>accomplish this through router settings
>a shitty all-in-one box for a low cost plan from a cheap provider 6 years ago, so you can imagine it's not very sophisticated
>but it got the job done, when i tested it all traffic seemed to be blocked - not just web browser, but windows update seemed unable to check for updates, various programs that check for updates themselves (rather than simply opening their webpages in your browser) also couldnt do it, reported errors
>...
>switched to new internet, new ISP, new fancier more sophisticated box
>it also has an internet blocking feature under the name 'Parental Control', you can select which device, and 'Block internet access' never, always, or specific times
>i select my NAS and choose always, obviously
>i begin to test it out, before i attach my data disks
>most browser traffic seems to be blocked, any page i go to myself from typing or searching or bookmarks
>but not all traffic seems to be blocked
>windows update didnt report an error while trying to update, it seemed to check and happily report it's up to date (connected to internet ran a bunch of updates yesterday just for the sake of it, new beginnings and all that)
>some programs' in-built checker fails, but others succeed and offer new updates
>some even successfully load their own websites in the browser to download from
>i test yt-dlp, and it successfully downloads a video
What's going on here? How come it blocks some stuff but not others? This is rather disappointing

>>106583555
making the docker directory a zfs dataset will surely make it behave with the zfs dataset i actually want one of the volumes on right? I mean the docks say that docker being zfs is needed to make the driver behave so it only makes sense that it might help, yes?

>>106586775
parental blocking sometimes is just really lazy and half-assed DNS blocking. It probably just null-routes DNS requests. But some applications like Windows update and yt-dlp probably have their own internal references.

a simple test is just open cmd
>ping 8.8.8.8
>ping google.com

yeah seems that way
>Pinging google.com [***] with 32 bytes of data:
>Reply from *** time=2ms
>Reply from *** time=3ms
>Reply from *** time=3ms
>Reply from *** time=3ms

>Ping statistics for ***:
>Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
>Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
>Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 2ms

The previous all-in-one box did it properly. I must confess I never tested yt-dlp, but I never had to because all indications were that it blocked everything. Browser traffic didn't work but neither did Windows update. For over a year Defender hadn't been able to connect, Defender constantly showed the notification for how definitions were out of date, the computer never rebooted in all that time as it would have if it actually did any updates. And when I did actually let it update yesterday, it did several big updates in one go, showing it had been backed up for a year.

Anyway, any solution for this, software or hardware? I wanna block the computer from the outside world but I still want internal access. Both for network shares, and remote desktop.

>>106587386
Disable parental control you fucking retard.

>>106587386
can probably use windows firewall instead, although I've never used it for this purpose so I can't say from experience.

https://geekoverdose.wordpress.com/2020/06/21/windows-firewall-rule-to-block-internet-but-allow-lan/

How am I supposed to connect a whole bunch of HDDs (like 6 or 8) to a mini-ITX motherboard that doesn't have enough SATA ports?
Something like PCIE to SATA or PCIE to SlimSAS card?

>>106587968
With an add-on card. That's what PCIe slots are for.

>>106587968
google "HBA"

>need more storage
>considering building a NAS
>window shopping for cases
>see this monstrosity (Jonsbo N5)
>instead of building a whole new system for NAS now tempted to simply move my main PC into this case, add a bunch of HDDs and call it a day
How stupid would that be?

>>106588552
It's a workable solution if you have a spare pcie slot for a hba and you don't have multiple computers that will want to be doing disk access while you're using your main pc

>>106586775
you're trolling right

>>106587386
>>106586775
stop being retarded
stop using shit software
stop trying to bully shitty locked down crap into doing shit thats way out of normal usage while being retarded
start actually understanding how shit works

like 90% of retarded anons in this stupid fucking general you need/want a FIREWALL.
(windows firewall is shit and won't save you)

moron

what's the best software to remotely access my Win11 server? right now I remote in on my main desktop, but obviously that doesn't work if I'm away from my computer

ideally I'd like to be able to access from any desktop, maybe with some form of 2FA

>>106588860
>calls someone else retarded
>can't read
bravo

>>106588880
best case scenario is a VPN. you could use something like rustdesk and portforward also, but it's risky.

>>106589069
>>can't read
I can't read the bit about a firewall because firewall isn't mentioned once. only magical "parental control" bullshit which is massively varied in implementation between vendors/isps/models/firmware revisions
retard.

>he's still using IP TCP/UDP in the year of our Lord 2015+10
Accept Reticulum into your racks.

How dangerous is putting chink tuya shit behind the same LAN with other devices?
My plan is to: separete SSID for IoT + iptables rules for that whole subnet so they can't go out via wan nic.
Unfortunately I dont have a smart switch. (2 AP + LAN -> switch -> laptop router+server).

>>106589232
everything is botnet these days. if your not vlaning individual devices there is almost no point.

>>106589254
i just want chinks to not know when i open my door desu

>>106589272
from your smart switch made in China, phone made in China, PC made in China, or smart fridge made in China?

>>106589641
valid point, but there are still layers to it.
I don't think China putting backdoor in every piece of hardware they manufacture / willingly exposing your whole home network + constantly send traffic to chinese servers would count as the same

I just want to be reassured, if I were serious about it, I wouldn't use wifi or the internet at all

>>106588552
Not stupid
That's a sick case that can basically house anything, not really sacrificing anything to have it contain your main PC.
One issue is that if you're using Windows, you are extremely limited for filesystem and RAID support. If you use Linux as your OS then you got plenty.

You can get around it by using a hypervisor like proxmox and pass-through hardware to each OS as needed. The GPU and most of your hardware can go to Windows while Linux or something like Truenas can have the HBA.
You are trading having an all in one device with some software complexity however.

>>106589726
not Chinese servers per se, but aws and azure servers managed by Chinese nationals.

Bottlenecks. Bottlenecks everywhere.

>>106590413
what is your issue with this? pretty standard to have integrated switches so you can provide interfaces that can use their full bandwidth. if you want devices that can simultaneously provide 2.5g throughput on all interfaces all the time then you should probably be looking at some really expensive hardware.

>>106587418
well i was testing it
>>106587780
interesting but cumbersome desu
>>106588825
no
what's so unreasonable about what i want to achieve?
what's so unreasonable about me trying the same thing i did with my old isp box on my new isp box and noticing it doesn't properly work on the new one?
>>106588860
calm down m8
yes i might get my own hardware later
but i just got this new internet, let me use the default all in one box for now, test it, get to know its shortcomingsa etc, so i know what i want later
im not in a rush
plus i have a small apartment anyway, at least in terms of coverage and speed etc, isp boxes have always been good enough. yes i have more complicated wishes now but you don't have to chimp out at someone for not being at your level yet.
so, a dedicated hardware firewall? something that lets me block entire devices from the outside net but allows internal communication? one of those chink mini pcs and install my own OS on it?

for now i found a vpn software that cuts all the traffic. it's the official client for a known vpn. i don't even have an vpn account with them, i guess i don't need it, i just need their client. i have that open on windows, and it blocks all internet. now no programs can search for updates, windows update cant connect to windows servers, yt-dlp can't download because it cant connect to youtube. pretty good. annoying that i have to have this extra software on my 'NAS', but all i have to do is leave it open so thats kinda cool.

I got this cheap old sas HGST SSD1600MM. In the manufacturer's brochure it says that all models have a 1600GB "full initial capacity" and then they have have different models with different capacities (200-1600GB). Does this mean that the all drives have 1600gb physically installed and the unaccessible capacity is used for wear leveling?


Also, I got a sun branded model which is a HUSSM1640 but its capacity is actully 200GB on the label while the cheat sheet says it should be a 400GB model. In software it also has a unique model number that's different from the HGST one. Quite a weird drive.

>really like cassette futurism
>hear about how tape drives are actually still in use for long term storage and backups
>want to put some on server rack for some functional aesthetics
>tape drives are just fully enclosed plastic bricks
>the tapes are cheap $-to-tb but the readers are extremely expensive upfront, have limited inter-generational compatibility, and the cheaper (older) drives have smaller storage capacity on each tape, meaning I would be inconvenienced by needing a stack of tapes on the side and swapping them out to achieve the same storage capacity as one HDD
>don't actually store enough data to justify (to myself) having tape drives for long term storage
>better off just getting regular hot swappable HDDs and satisfying my goblin urges that way
Does anyone here use tape drives?

>>106590739
>so, a dedicated hardware firewall
you could but its completely unnecessary for a home network
some soho router with openwrt will do everything you realistically need
plus the documentation is pretty good and way less of a headache than trying to decipher whatever retard-proof ui your isp router has.
>you don't have to chimp out at someone for not being at your level yet.
sorry for calling you a moron anon but please understand its very aggravating for me to see posts from people who dont even know what dns is
i barely know wtf im doing and don't like being reminded that most of this general is below even my knowledge level

>>106591149
yes, I have an lto-6 drive and tapes for it
i only have it because i got the drive cheap and only use it because tapes are cool
its really impractical. i want an autoloader but thats utterly pointless given i only have 30TB

plus tape isnt actually all that great for long term storage if you dont live somewhere with perfect climate
and yes the drive is just a metal box you shove cartridges into

>>106589223
may your speeds be fast, nomad

>>106583555
Not a problem with Podman.

>>106592429
I can have it rootless and store most volumes on the root drive and another on another one with the namespaces not fucking up?

Im not the one that made this docker-compose project so i don't know what its doing inside with the permissions but its making what i described impossible without root.

Will kneeling to red hat make me able to do this?

>>106592826
im having a stoke but you get my usecase

>no idea what i am doing
>get jellyfin and everything running
>set tailscale up and invite two friends
>they request like 1tb of shows and movies in a day
i thought 3tb was going to be enough....

3tb xd

forget about what i said about docker not working. Had to change the mount points propagation to 'shared' and now it works.

>>106593037
3tb is plenty to satisfy anyone

>>106593133
its not the size that matters

How bad of an idea is running llamafile on a NAS with 64GB of ram?

>>106592826
I think this may be related to what you want.
https://blog.dest-unreach.be/2024/01/03/podman-on-zfs/
So you can use overlayFS with ZFS and that would allow it to run rootless if you have ZFS 2.2+.
Check Proxmox Forum's, there are some discussion on how to do that.

>>106593461
Depends on what you want to do with it, but kinda defeats the purpose using 2 cache intensive systems together.

>>106593963
>So you can use overlayFS with ZFS and that would allow it to run rootless
I think that is already what i am doing. I never really configured anything and how i understand it the default driver is overlay2 anyways. To have it run fully with the ZFS driver I'd need the location docker is on to be zfs too but what is the point to be honest? I never noticed any issues with this.

>>106594110
To be specific, i have a bind mount to a dataset and it just works. Needed to set the propagation thing which for some reason is not in the docker doc but in the podman one for my distro but at least im done now.

I'm looking to buy a small rack for my home server, any recommendations? This ubiquiti one looks so nice but 6U is a bit too small

its literally just metal bolted together fuck off buyfag
also checked

>>106594469
>>106594222

>>106594515
there is no argument, why try start one?
i think you should kill yourself

you're not going to bait me into an argument over whether or not im arguing

I set up an sftp site on an old laptop. I have ShareX (https://getsharex.com/) set up so that any screenshot I take gets uploaded to the SFTP site automatically. I'm working on creating a a simple HTTP site which previews those files in thumbnail form, paginated, but I have like 10 trillion other personal projects I'm working on.

Are these chinkware CWWK motherboards any good for NAS and/or home server use?

>>106576721
Bind the tunnel to a different port lmao
I think I use the https one bc websites are gay about wg sometimes

>>106596535
I'm looking to "start over" from my old-ass gaming laptop as a server that I've been using for years now. It's a fucking mess of projects that are in various states, so I wanted to see if I could start over on a new one.

I was looking into some miniPCs and I found two that look interesting for their price-point. The Nimo MiniPC DNB1 Intel N100 and the Beelink Mini S12 Pro.

The reason I'm even thinking of changing it up is cause I've been going through hell trying to get the NVidia drivers recognized so I can use the GPU for transcoding in Jellyfin. Can't do that though since the shit won't show up in the firstplace.

I'm looking to "start over" from my old-ass gaming laptop as a server that I've been using for years now. It's a fucking mess of projects that are in various states, so I wanted to see if I could start over on a new one.

I was looking into some miniPCs and I found two that look interesting for their price-point. The Nimo MiniPC DNB1 Intel N100 and the Beelink Mini S12 Pro.

The reason I'm even thinking of changing it up is cause I've been going through hell trying to get the NVidia drivers recognized so I can use the GPU for transcoding in Jellyfin. Can't do that though since the shit won't show up in the firstplace.

>>106596140
no.

>>106584797
Just touched the HBA's heatsink and wow it's really hot. Could that cause the system to crash even though the boot drive isn't connected to it?

>>106597132
What exactly is wrong with them?

But i did bait you into replying.

>>106597318
Ok I ghetto-rigged a fan to the heatsink. Thankfully I had one fan header left on the MB. Hopefully this helps.

What is the proper way of setting up a dhcp server in a container?
What I can think of is: dnscrypt+pihole(on bridge) and dhcpd/dnsmasq(macvlan). the only downside would be dhcp server not being able to talk with pihole.
And I guess that is only important for local dynamic dns right? I don't give shit whether devices behind dhcp has domain or not.

>Pihole on macvlan
dnscrypt won't be reachable without some obscure dumb macvlan workarounds + breaks dns for the host itself. Besides i don't want to take macvlan'ing everything route.

Also am I overcomplicating things for not putting everything on host mode?

>>106596968
You already have a solid laptop. I do this with 2nd gen intel without dgpu.
If you have space maybe try pre-transcoding or keep multiple resolutions on the disk?

I wouldn't spend money on a minipc and waste that laptop if I were you

>>106599279
>dhcp server in a container?
You don't have to containerize everything, you know. DHCP servers typically only serve local hosts and DHCP is a fairly simple protocol.

>>106591455
a host based firewall will do everything you realistically need and you dont need opnwrt

>>106599279
you need to learn how DHCP works before containerizing it. you wont be able to overcome how it works (broadcast) when you nest it in a containerized network space without relays/helpers.

>>106594222
the fucking memes write themselves

>>106597318
It could
The finger test is kinda of a bad indicator because you can get burned at 55C when the heatsink is allowed to be 90C+ before the HBA officially overheats.
If you actually have room for a fan there is no harm in using it.

I have a 9300-16I HBA which is a pig for heat and power draw and I was able to get away with case airflow. Made sure I can actually feel air coming out the slot bracket.

>>106598546
Wrap zipties around the two posts holding the heatsink to the card and through 2 of the fans screw holes. It fits much better and won't disrupt airflow, though you may need thinner ties. Also, those specific Noctua fans really don't like obstructions, make sure there's *at least* a thumb's worth of space between it and whatever else, you can check that the rotation speed at 100% matches spec, if it doesn't it's malfunctioning and you need to give it more space.

>>106599279
i had the same question a while back
i just gave up and ran it on a separate machine
works for me

I've managed to cobble together my old tower to have my own media server, but I'm having trouble figuring out what OS to use. They don't seem to make cheap OEM Windows 10 keys anymore and I don't feel like using Windows 11. What are my options? I could also use an opinion on buying pic related instead of spending $400+ on a 20TB drive
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B09NP4Y2JC?smid=A3A5W4Q2L5GNMH&psc=1

>>106601595
just use proxmox or truenas scale like everybody else.
>cheap OEM Windows 10 keys
lmao

>>106601595
linux
i just set a media server up on windows 11
and trust me you really don't want to do it

>>106601669
>just use proxmox or truenas scale
im a bit dumb and i have no idea what either of those are, windows is really all i know. but it was either this or overspend on a Synology
>>106601672
i have zero clue how linux even works

>>106601683
>im a bit dumb and i have no idea
You don't say. Just toss a coin and pick one of those options I mentioned. Read manuals, watch youtube videos, ask chatgpt to walk you through it. Lurk forums of either software for best practices. It's really not that hard, but you're so far detached from how everything works that there's no other solution than to shut up and learn.

>>106601683
learn then nigger
https://wiki.futo.org/

>>106601716
so my options are to read this and learn how linux works, buy a synology or buy a new tower that can run Jewcrosoft Windows 11?

>>106601755
no
you have infinite options
including using any of the other things in op to learn

also just install linux on it and start trying shit, its free.
like the other anon said, chatgpt is actually pretty good at being helpful for this shit, especially if you feed it docs.

>>106601769
as i said i've no idea how linux even works, installing it is beyond me, what is all this?

>>106601920
just reboot

>>106601920
>hurrr durrr ima retard, watch me be retarded, duuhurrrr
youre not taking in what is being said to you, which explains your awareness level being stuck in 2016. at this point, just gtfo and stop shitting up the thread.

>>106601942
this is from a youtube video guide i looked up i haven't done anything on my end yet
>>106601955
it's the middle of the night anon, nobody else is posting, and i may be retarded but im trying to figure out a serious issue with what i want to do. everything i've looked into said that starting a server for plex on an old desktop is the fastest and easiest and cheapest way of doing it, so that's what i did, and now im finding out that i either have to cross my fingers and hope i can get windows 11 to work or somehow learn how to make an operating system i've never used work. there maybe a decade or more worth of guides and experts on the subject but that doesn't help me learn how to do explicitly what i need to do, especially if it's all command line interfaces like my previous pic

>>106601977
>now im finding out that i either have to cross my fingers and hope i can get windows 11 to work or somehow learn how to make an operating system i've never used work.
nope. you've specifically and deliberately ignored the truenas and proxmox suggestions and every one of your posts has literally amounted to "look at me, i'm retarded".
kys

>>106601977
>especially if it's all command line interfaces like my previous pic
you can have a user interface

>>106602007
deliberately ignored is not true, i looked up both of those things, they lead to websites where i understood nothing of what was written so i looked for alternatives

>>106602025
okay, cool, then gtfo this thread and go rub some sticks together or something. nobody can learn things for you, especially if you give up before you even try.

>into tech, but not really my job or anything
>talking with friends about playing terraria and other multiplayer games and just hosting our own server so we never lose a save file
>get to it, eventually host a small server with the help of AI
>all my code and configs are all over the place and a mess, look into putting them on github so that I can track what I changed and when
>realize that I could also host git
>I need to use an email for it? Why not host my own
>now I just keep looking into hosting more and more things

It never ends, does it? Half my shit barely runs and is in a perpetual state of "I will make it better eventually", yet there's still always more to host and to fix.
Also am too scared to lose all my shit in a power outage or a fire or some shit that will just fry all my drives.
If I were to start over, is there any solution to keep everything neatly organized?

>>106602654
>get to it, eventually host a small server with the help of AI

>>106602654
just use nextcloud

>>106599311
I'm trying not to but failing to properly install the drivers for 8 hours while I was also doing work is not filling me with confidence.

>>106602654
IaC and motherfucking backups, do you even backup?

>>106602654
>eventually host a small server with the help of AI

>>106604227
>>106602787
ai is good for that sort of stuff
don't bully anon

all these years I've just been plugging in a couple of flimsy USB externals and using Windows "Libraries" to merge the media folders, but I'm sick of them dying or getting corrupted by sneaky Windows fuckery. From what I understand so far, a DAS could do something similar plus have RAID 5 protection, but only for the device it's plugged into, and a NAS would let all my online devices access the files, but R/W would take a hit by having to jump through network hoops for all transfers

is there any non-shit arrangement for a NAS to run a non-ethernet cable, USB or eSATA or some shit, from the PC to whatever box I've got the RAID in and access the files directly like I've already been doing with Windows' libraries, but also still be able to reach them over the network on some portable device through whatever software I've got loaded on the NAS?

>>106605058
network is and has always been faster than disk r/w
there is minimal overhead on the network.

Why do Redditors always recommend an SAS HBA for more SATA ports? Even the sticky has that as a recommendation.
What is the use of them when these PCIe 1x ASMedia cards exist and are just as good, and cheaper?

>>106605155
they're actually not just as good but you do you

>>106603102
Finally managed to do it. Just had to upgrade Ubuntu and disable SecureBoot. I'm getting the following trying to get it to detect in Portainer.

Failed starting container: failed to create task for container: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: error during container init: error running prestart hook #0: exit status 1, stdout: , stderr: Auto-detected mode as 'legacy' nvidia-container-cli: initialization error: load library failed: libnvidia-ml.so.1: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directory: unknown

Sorry for not codeblocking it. I don't often use /g/.

>>106579492
This might sound flippant, but a NAS is only a computer that can hold multiple drives.
It comes down to whether you want to build it custom and have it how you like, but have to think more, or pay the premium to have someone else do the thinking about give you what they think is good, though guided by their margins.
Either could be a valid option.

>>106605182
What's wrong with them? I'm interested.

>>106605442
you see how anon complained about bottlenecks here? >>106590413
unlike networking, there's a high likelihood that you will, in fact, be using the entire bandwidth of your disks since you could use them all for the same task if using software raid. the cheapo adapters aren't going to pull their weight under load. they're cheap expansion devices, they let you attach a bunch of drives, you may or may not need to read from them all at the same time, and that's fine.

>>106605155
I'm gonna do a little math for you
PCIe 4.0 (the common ASM1064 runs at 3.0 but let's be a bit more generous) has an effect throughput of almost 2GB/s (big b bytes) on a 1x connection
SATA 3, which is what your hard drives are likely to be, has a link speed of 6Gb/s (little b bits not bytes)
a little bit of simple math gives us 0.75 GB/s (big B), and the controller supports four links.
0.75 * 4 = 3
Which is bigger, 3 or 2?

>>106605786
I think really that's going to come down to how many PCIe lanes you are spending on it. That's the bottleneck with ASMedia chips (if you make sure you get the right one for your number of ports and avoid cards with splitters in them.)
So for PCIe 1x 3.0 you're at 1 GB/s, and most SATA HDDs will average around 150MB/s (despite their ratings of much higher speeds) so you can fit 6, nearly 7, HDDs on one port at full speed.
If you don't need every port at once, you can fit more, as you mentioned.
Combined with the motherboard SATA ports that puts you at 10 drives, which I think is a good amount for most people.
The SAS HBA I usually hear recommended is the LSI 9211-8i. It ranges from ~£10-£30 more than the equivalent ASMedia card (ASM1166), but the major cost is that it takes up an 8x PCIe slot instead of a 1x.
The reason I got on to the ASM card in the first place is because my motherboard has a 16x, a 1x, and a 16x@4x, which is a pretty common configuration for motherboards because of how many lanes the CPU/chipset has available. The 16x has a GPU, the 16x@4x has a NIC, so that leaves the 1x, and I think it's probably a fairly common situation, but the SAS HBA advice would have you think you need a separate device or a more expensive motherboard.

>>106605155
>>106606314
of course, in the real world, you're not likely to be maxing out sata on a spinner, but it's still an important consideration.

>>106606314
That would be a completely valid argument if HDDs achieved their full speed, but they don't.

>>106606333
If you have a situation where you're maxing out your SATA connection, getting that rated speed, then yeah I can see how the bottleneck starts to matter, that's fair enough. I think that the vast majority of people hearing that advice are not going to be doing that though, because it's quite uncommon to get speeds above 200MB/s on spinning disks, so for them it's poor advice.

>>106599720
>>106599986
>>106600970
update: running kea-dhcp4 on ipvlan (which is the default)
works ootb

my only concern was dns for local devices, but turns out kea already has it's own implementation for that, kea-dhcp-ddns.

>>106605335
Good for you anon
>libnvidia-ml.so.1: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directory: unknown
could it be because container searching for that file inside container's own namespace instead of host's namespace?
you probably need to mount that file or install it to image before build I believe

Also are you sure your 1050 will handle transcoding? 4k->1080 is fine but I'm not sure for the reverse.

>>106606681
I think I'll go through with my plan of just backing up all my containers, setting up a docker compose for those that don't have em, and completely reinstalling docker itself, this time with the GPU actually included in its creation.

This will at least make me relearn some stuff.

I wish there was a way to tell all those Amazon reviewers buying refurbished (or even "new") drives and posting "great! zero hours!" in their reviews what's been done to them.
Buying a hard drive feels like such a slog. Was it always this bad?

>want to repurpose my ancient 2500k/Z68 combo (hasn't been touched in years) for some projects
>throw together some ad-hoc system
>shit no worky worky
>spend an hour troubleshooting
>mfw
>turns out the IGPU is somehow dead
>not sure if it's the IGPU on the CPU itself or some motherboard output circuitry
>no GPU-related POST beeps, just one short beep meaning everything is fine
>rest of the system POSTs correctly, keyboard is responsive but no display signal
>monitor connected to IGPU=no signal no matter what
>no PCIE GPU present=no signal
>IGPU set to initialize before PCIE GPU=no signal
>tried different monitors, both DVI and HDMI - nope
>monitor connected to PCIE GPU and PCIE GPU is set to initialize before IGPU=everything appears to be working fine
What the fuck is going on?

>>106608110
is igpu disabled in the bios because you previously had a pcie gpu in it?

>>106608229
Nope.
IGPU enabled, IGPU init first=no signal.
IGPU enabled, PCIE init first=yes signal (from PCIE only).

>>106604699
No it's fucking not, mate.
Self-host without self-learning is dangerous.

Bent pins, thermal paste on socket, clear cmos, throw in trash

>>106608575
thermal paste on socket won't do anything though

>>106608575
>Bent pins, thermal paste on socket
Seems unlikely, it's been untouched (CPU in socket) for years.
>clear cmos
Done that multiple times. It's impossible to get out of the "IGPU enabled, IGPU init first=no signal" state without clearing CMOS.

>>106608643
It can, not just my opinion. Sometimes it drips over the edge of the CPU and is hard to clean up.

>>106608712
Have you tried the obvious stuff like re-seating the CPU, RAM and all that stuff?

>>106608906
no like, putting thermal paste in the socket, at worst, will cause a bit of a poor connection, it won't actually harm anything, and it certainly wouldn't cause the symptoms in question here.

migrated from pfsense+ to openwrt for the better performance but not liking how barebones some of it is and missing gateway groups

thinking of setting up VyOS instead, anybody made the switch? any gotchas?

>>106608974
I had an AMD APU recently in a home server. I wanted the APU for frigate & general video acceleration tasks, as the PCIE GPU was used for LLMs. Didn't want to burn the watts having it run all the time. Long story short, some paste got into the socket and the APU GPU would no longer initialise, got post errors. I tried irrigating it out as much as I could, no luck. I swapped the motherboard with gaming computer, and APU worked in the gaming board. Ryzen worked fine in the pasted board.
So I am blaming paste in the socket for that.

>>106609051
is free?

Thinking about putting webOS on a Pi and installing a Jellyfin client on it for a family member that's a bit technologically behind.
Is there a more user friendly way to get a jellyfin client running on a Pi?

Just bought 4 x 10TB HDDs at around £17/TB.
Feels strange that the HDDs are the most expensive component in this build when it's a bit of an all rounder server, not just storage. While looking at what to get I found so many "new" and "refurbished" offerings that were blatantly SMART value resets that had been heavily used, and even then weren't that much cheaper. Feels like it's a pretty shitty market here in the UK trying to source drives.
Glad to have the last part on the way now though.

>>106609051

Went the other way around and the biggest gripe I have with pfsense is its fucking web installer thing, just give me an iso and let me install the god damn thing offline. Instead I have to jump through hoops to get internet to the computer which is supposed to be the one providing internet to my whole network. Fucking retarded ass backward method that fucks over users.

The freebsd part of pfsense is also sorta of a pain due to reduced hardware compatibility, I use a 2.5G realtek card that despite being cheap AF, it has worked flawlessly for the 4 or so months i've had it on this pfsense box but for some reason it just does not play nice with the current pfsense release. It's a pain to install the modded drivers (for some reason the installation hangs 9/10 times I try it) and when it finally works, after setting everything up the GUI webpage stops responding in less than 10 minutes and I stop being able to access it even with a third intel nic installed. (you can still change configs through local access via a mouse and keyboard but i'm unable to bring the web GUI access back)

Have been stuck on the previous version of pfsense and it's working flawlessly, hopefully as newer updates roll out, the newer versions begin to play nice with my realtek nic again and i'll finally be able to upgrade. Still, my experience with pfsense has been a fucking pain.

>>106609051
im setting up EVPN VXLAN right now on vyos 1.5 for my DMZ segment in my homelab. it's got access to VPP and a ton of other this and it has suricata integration, it's COOL AS FUCK.

Why does pfsense use zfs by default? Is it really needed for a single drive application?

>>106610283
Because ZFS is the best filesystem on BSD, I would assume.

>>106610283
no licensing issues and freebsd is either ufs or zfs
I do find it interesting that opnsense can offer a swap file when zfs doesn't really do that well

>connect two computers with ethernet cable
>first one connected to wifi, second one no working wifi card
>first one provides network access to second one
is such a thing even possible?

>>106610465
yes you can bridge the connections

>>106610465
yeah you would have to bridge the lan and wifi adapters.

I opened this junk because I wired a meanwell 12v PSU and a picoPSU and wated to check on it
It's been completely stable and no burnt wires.
IDK if you can make a desktop class system any more solid state without going alot bigger.
It's interesting you can hear the entire case creak and crack from the thermal expansion as things warm up from stressing it but nothing overheats according to the IPMI and the PSU doesn't shut down.

>>106610984
>picoPSU
I highly doubt that machine has low enough consumption that a picoPSU makes any fucking sense. It's an old ass LGA1150 Xeon platform, the 8-10Wh the picoPSU saves you is utterly irrelevant.

>>106610465
Since forever now.
To think I had to learn how to do crossover cables wayback then.

>>106591149
Also love tapes, have working dds2 tape drive in retro server.
I had lto5, it was such a pain in the ass to set up and drive died in the end. Also lto tapes are sovless compared to older ones bcause they don't even feel like tapes but some ugly cheap plastic brick.

>spent several hours setting up grafana and making a detailed powerlogging service
>didn't think to check if my server cpu supports powerstat
>it doesn't

I'm looking at buying some used hard drive for cheap. How many power on hours do you guys think is too many?

Whats the best image tagger with VA. AI keeps recommending me dead projects

Do you guys have any backup power to keep your servers up in case of any power outage?

>>106613840
Well, if there's any serious power outage your internet access is probably gonna be down too so does it make much a difference if the servers stay up?

>>106613877
Usually it's just localized, the nearest ISP datacenter from me is miles and miles away and I'm on a fiber internet so I just plug it in to my tiny camping power station and I get internet back.

Obviously my server wouldn't last on that.

>>106613840
i just use a bluetti box with a spare battery. I got it for hurricanes but just leave it hooked up to the server 24/7 since I have it. it works pretty good.

>>106613840
It's on the 1500VA UPS, it lasts through the majority of outages I experience in my area.

>>106614006
>bluetti box with a spare battery
This one? Damn, looks like what I actually need.

>but just leave it hooked up to the server 24/7
Does it have passthrough when there's grid power?

>>106614425
I never thought of buying backup power, now I'm thinking about it

>>106614425
mine is an AC200L with a B300K, but yes very similar. they regularly go on "sale" to for at least 25% off.

>>106614425
and yes it has passthrough, you can also hook solar up to it if you want to supliment power.

I'm building a custom Debian router, any good suggestions what to install/do?
currently I only have the defaults ones installed: iptables in drop / out accept, dns, dhcp etc

>>106614764
that's not a router, that's an internet gateway. you're not running FRR or any other routing protocol or doing anything specifically routing related besides forwarding using static. nothing that meets the requirements or even the intent of what is in the RFC.

ideally you would want to make it a security device in addition to it being an internet gateway. but that depends on your link speed and the internals of the device.

So I want to build a seed box that can saturate up to an 8gbps uplink, (or more realistically hit a sustained 4-5gbps upload, to reserve bandwidth for my own use.) across up to about 2000 torrents with say an avg of 0.7 active peers per torrent. So about 400KiB/s upload per peer.(which seems on avg a very achievable rate for almost any peer. And could plan to for 4000 active torrents to drop the peer speed required to 200Kib/s).

Not sure of the requirements hardware wise though, but I’d imagine given the high number of random reads some sort of ssd disk array (25x 1.92tb drives in one of those 2u sas expanders for example), maybe even a nvme raid caching array in front of it. CPU wise was thinking of reusing a 3900x but that only supports 128gb of ram which desu is probably enough.

Obviously need a good 10gig network card as well.

Anyone else build a server that can handle high disk IO and 1000s of active connections to others? What kind of issues should I be watching out for.

>>106580511
youre a retard, its even more difficult to swap things when you cant tell where anything goes

>>106614805
well yeah, but which home "routers" do those anyway? isn't it the same with forwarding traffic to next ISP hop?
>but that depends on your link speed and the internals of the device.
I have gigabit wan/lan and using an old 2nd gen laptop
>ideally you would want to make it a security device
I don't think i need anything too advanced. I thought a simple nice monitoring tool with grouping and preferably a gui, plus maybe basic tools like fail2ban would do the job. Are there any benefits using ids/ips tier software on home networks?

>>106611136
It consumed 37w before, now it's 26w.

>>106614864
i do HPC shit in networking. you'll need something capable of outbound and inbound policing (QoS) at the perimeter of your network, because carefully tuning everything you seed is unrealistic. you might also want to do LLQ for any latency sensitive traffic (gaming, VoIP, etc) so that the strain on your network queuing doesn't result in a shitass gaming experience. you want to have a perimeter device with a proper packet buffer that can handle decent PPS.

if you want to seed torrents that are private you will not be able to use a privacy VPN, because those aren't even capable of furnishing a 1gbps link. you only need to have cache drives in place if you have unreliable transmission of data (high latency links) or where incredible bursts take place, which wont be an issue. a single NVMe (even a 3.0 NVMe) is fully capable of saturating 8gbps from a read perspective. your SSD disk array also very comfortably handles your speed requirements. what you have proposed is MASSIVE overkill. 5gbps is a pathetically low amount of bandwidth and you are overthinking this quite a bit from a storage/cpu/memory perspective and underthinking it from a networking perspective.

>>106615017
some home routers do indeed do that, prosumer at minimum.
IDS/IPS is handy to have, but a laptop based core i# second gen isn't going to be able to have the horsepower to inspect 1g symmetric. netflow would be your visibility plane if you're making something strictly nonproprietary, and you can integrate fail2ban on top.

>>106615251
okay, thanks anon

>>106615204
Good info, you’re right it’s a little overkill for the hardware, and I don’t do much networking.(other than very basic can I hit this, what rule is blocking it,etc. before sending a request to our network teams). So that is something I will have to read up on, I was already planning to by pass my isp router, they don’t have any sort of bridge mode on it, but support pppoe, or just use your own otp.

I’m assuming that something like a ubiquity Gateway Fiber or dream machine pro max, would give me the features I would need, but guess I’ll have some reading to do.

>>106615699
a ubiquiti device probably isn't capable of LLQ or inbound/outbound policing. you'll need something with a good feature set.

I now have the privilege after lots of mounting and binding and looping to look through a billion docker volumes and containers of a dead drive to find a single string.
Servers are so much fun guys.

> nextcloud
> jellyfin
> gitea
> authentik
> paperless-ngx
> stash
> beszel
> roundcube
> docker-mailserver
> homeassistant
> matrix synapse + element
> immich
> vaultwarden
> audiobookshelf
> qbittorrent
> open webui
> endurain
I'm amazed at how much I can throw at an intel N150 and have it work smoothly. what should I host next?

>>106617418
All of these depends on their usage and you are probably not using it all at the same time.
So it's not surprising.
I ran a 200+ stations in a Pentium 4.
You are missing some more network and enterprise shit there.

Is it possible to use hwinfo for remote UPS monitoring? I can't seem to find a way to connect it to my NUT server.

So Newegg sent me this HDD in this scuffed-as-fuck packaging, the bubble wrap doesn't even fully go around the goddamn drive and that's the side that was against the wall of the interior & exterior box. Should I just straight up return this without opening it? How's Newegg's return policy?

>need to extend my wifi
>can't run cables
>buy some cheap dual band router with a repeater mode
>create a dedicated 5ghz between main AP and the repeater
>use only 2.4ghz for the clients
>heh surely this will work around the bandwidth halving
>latency jumps anywhere from 50ms to 2100ms
end me

>>106617418
>> homeassistant
What do people actually use home assistants for? I've never bothered looking into them because I hear the word and my eyes glaze over thinking it's to do with smarthouses.
>beep beep the master woke up time to warm his toilet seat

>>106587386
>I wanna block the computer from the outside world but I still want internal access
if it's not already on a static ip put it on one, configure the ip, subnet mask and dns, but leave the gateway address blank. without a gateway it won't know how to get out.

>>106619836
KYS KIKE
BURN

>>106619530
I use mine for light switches, a few thermometers, and to send camera snapshots from frigate via matrix to my phone. it's kinda cool because you can use botnet devices without the botnet.

>>106619836
interesting, i'll check it out when i have time, thank you.
>>106619843
.........? is his advice bad? why?

>>106576153 (OP)
>have 2 Asrock N100 boards (network server and media server)
>want to replace both with chink N5105 boards for the 6 SATA ports and 4 NICs
>want to get rid of PCIe SATA & NIC expansion cards to downsize cases to 1Us
>want LACP to match my new modem
>don't want to downgrade from N5105 to N100
>don't want +4 TDP
>don't want to spend extra ~$100 getting N100 versions of the boards since I would have to also spend more to get DDR5 ram
>don't want to risk dealing with chinesium build quality
I'm not even doing heavy loads yet i can't justify it. Its all just samba shares, webdev servers, SVN repos, pi-hole, firefox sync, and pfsense.

>>106620395
Sacrifice the N100s' NVMe slot for a 6-port M.2 SATA controller. Then you have a total of 8 and can use the PCIe 3.0 x2 slot for the NICs (if you really need multigig you're screwed though). Also, you don't need a multitude of NICs for a server, even if it's a router/server combo. Just get a multigig switch.

>since I would have to also spend more to get DDR5 ram
DDR4 and DDR5 are almost at price parity, at least for these machines, because JEDEC 3200MT/s 1.2V DDR4 is becoming a bitch to get. XMP shit is still widely available, but N100s can't use 1.35V DDR4.

>>106619836
>>106620020
his dumbass advice only pertains to a flat network. if you VLAN off devices and dont put a default gateway on those devices they can not exit the broadcast domain. it also doesn't apply if you are using DHCP because DHCP will install a gateway automatically.

>>106618639
use snmpv3

>>106620566
>if you VLAN off devices and dont put a default gateway on those devices they can not exit the broadcast domain
he never mentioned using vlans, so it's fair to assume he doesn't use them so your cherry picked scenario doesn't matter
>it also doesn't apply if you are using DHCP because DHCP will install a gateway automatically
that's why I told him he'd have to switch from dhcp to a static ip on the laptop. good reading comprehension though man. I can tell you're a really mentally well individual who's employed. also please explain to how a dhcp server "installs" a gateway lel

>>106620785
you have to go back mr helpdesk

>>106613067
>used hard drive for cheap
Don't buy used unless it's a damn good deal and you will have a lot of redundancy or don't give a fuck about your data.
>power on hours
Usage is usually going to matter more, you're not going to get SMART readout for whatever you buy, so unless you buy from a reputable supply you're gambling

>>106618647
Yes return and never mail-order HDDs from retail monkeys again.

>>106618653
>can't run cables
You can't even run flat cable with wall clips?
>use only 2.4ghz for the clients
>latency jumps anywhere from 50ms to 2100ms
The latency has nothing to do with the configuration, it's the shitty router. Why does this all need to be wireless? Either backhaul another AP with flat cable or get something with OpenWRT to create a client bridge then wire out from that. Will add at most 2-3ms of latency.
>I'm poor
Plenty of older routers that can use OpenWRT, find one in your local area being sold used
>Think for me
No

>>106576153 (OP)
Lads I want a server to store movies/films etc. but I'm having trouble finding a good, inexpensive starting point. Obviously something with an Intel CPU that supports x265 quicksync is ideal for something like Plex. The problems are finding a cheap motherboard/cpu, PSU, and case, which all seem to have spiked massively in price. Like it's hard to get a decent 500w bronze here. It's all gold/platinum PSUs for like £150.

I would get an Optiplex or something, but I want space for 4 HDDs, and most workstation PCs only have 2 3.5" bays, and proprietary boards/PSU etc so it won't fit another case.

Does anyone have a recommendation on a starting system to cut the costs down?

>>106620785
>also please explain to how a dhcp server "installs" a gateway lel
nta but isn't that the point of dhcp? maybe installs isn't the right terminology but dhcp provides an address, subet mask, default gateway, DNS, and possibly more like the search domain and NTP

>>106620785
>also please explain to how a dhcp server "installs" a gateway lel
He didn't say server, he just said "DHCP will". And a DHCP client will in fact adjust the system routing table to point the default route at the gateway address included in the DHCP lease information from the server, by itself or via a script like dhclient does.

Is there any point in setting up a spare tower for a Plex server if I leave my desktop on all the time anyway? I'm not sure why I'm so obsessed with the idea of doing this because I'd end up with two computers on all the time instead of just one. Shouldn't I just buy a 20TB red for my desktop instead and call it a day?

>>106622364
Do you have other machines you use regularly that could make use of Plex? If yes, go ahead. If no, just buy the fucking drive.

>>106622388
Just my TV and phone really, that's all I use Plex for at the moment

>>106576153 (OP)
I'm looking to build a personal usage home server, mostly for hosting a movie collection with jellyfin and running an occasional MC server.

I'd like to repurpose my i3-12100f with the mobo and 16gigs of ram. Would I need add a GPU if my processor doesn't support graphics? I'm fine with having terminal-only server.

>>106622448
You'll need a graphics adapter to set it up unless you make an unattended install.
It will depend on the distro, e.g. debian: https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch04s06.en.html

>>106622364

Do you want to keep your desktop on all the time? I wanted to isolate everyhing from torrent downloading to plex and file sharing to a different box. I tried it all and learned from mistakes. If I were to go back to my past self, I would tell him to get proxmox and set VM's and LXC containers under it.

If you want a clean and easy list of shit you should do, here goes:

1. Install Proxmox as your OS. This is a hypervisor so special Debian-based OS that lets you manage and install VM's easily. This is very easy to set up
2. Under proxmox install Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, if you're new to loonix just go with the GUI version since it doesn't really use much resources
3. For Ubuntu, install:
>timeshift (save baseline snapshot and always snapshot the system before you start messing with it), qbittorrent, plex, zfsutils
4. After baseline is set up and it boots, you can now pass disks through proxmox to the VM, so the VM can read and write
5. Make a zfs pool from drives. You can use striped for warez because you probably just want capacity over redundancy. You can just keep adding drives to striped pools so you can literally just increase it. Zfs is robust against disk failures so you can easily replacing a failing drive once it starts throwing errors
6. Configure qbittorrent and plex
7. Browse through this and install services you think you might like, installing is literally one CLI command https://community-scripts.github.io/ProxmoxVE/scripts
8. Get some cheap domain from namecheap for $10 and install apache2 or nginx so you can use a top level domain to access your shit.

Do it this way and you don't have to do everything from ground up because you eventually will end up with this once you learn how easy this is and how much you can do with it. I don't consider myself a pro with these, I'm just a random dude who wanted to stream movies from home, but now I can do a lot lot more with it.

>>106622448

You will need a GPU but literally any piece of shit will work. Just any old quadro from ebay will do the job. Install proxmox and then under proxmox make one VM for your jellyfin related stuff, so I imagine qbittorrent, jellyfin and storage configured. Then the MC server in another VM. You have capacity for that easily, but the upside with this setup is that if the Jellyfin VM goes down, the MC server VM stays up. VM's can go down when a disk fails so it hangs up the entire VM unless your disks are attached to a disk controller (some HBA), then as long as the controller is alive, the VM is up. Learned this the hard way.

What's the best way to remotely ssh into my server? Used to only ssh on LAN but had to move a lot recently so I moved my server to a relative's home and tried to ssh over wireguard vpn hosted on the server but it only works half the time and I don't have enough knowledge to understand what's wrong with it. Read online that opening ssh port isn't the best idea even with privatekey login and I'd like to avoid opening ports I don't need to.

>>106578092
The best case scenario for torrenting on ZFS (and probably other CoWs) is downloading sequentially one torrent at a time, preallocation turned off and having no other IO jobs, seeding included. To save you some headache just dl to a temp path on another drive and then have your client automagically move it
There's much more autistic optimisations on ZFS you can run in order to avoid R/W amplification and poor IO
>>106578207
What ZFS reports as fragmentation is actually free space fragmentation, not file frag since it pretty much expects to work with multiple VDEVs at once

>>106619530
I use mine for everyday smarthome things like switches or sockets or controlling the vacuum n stuff.
Also I use it to enable privacymode on my security cam when it senses that my mobile phone is at home and disable it when I'm gone.

>>106621395
installs is the right terminology in networking. you use the term "install" when a route is added to a routing table. the default gateway of a device is a default route pointed to a gateway.

My synology nas just died...I'm so fucking sad.

>>106623073
>entire thing breaks
>can't even take it apart and troubleshoot the specific part that broke
why do you do this to yourself

>>106622936
>temp path on another drive
another dataset would work too. just has to be a different filesystem so cp will actually write bits down

>>106624408
Fair point

>>106576153 (OP)
Is anybody using ipv6 with wireguard?
If you have a globally routable address couldn't the tunnel fail and you can send packets over the network if your routes change?
And how do you implement privacy extensions in wireguard since you pretty much have to supply a fixed globally routable address not behind a NAT in wireguard?

>>106579492
expansion card, keep the case open and put the extra raid5 hdds around it.. simple

>>106588552
depends if you would use the data on the hdds often, if you access it like once per month or longer, i would make some extra nas for it, to not constantly spin up or down the drives

>look at mesh capable APs
>find Cudy AP11000
>10G SFP+ module for WAN
>2.5G PoE
>2x2 streams
>688Mbit/s (2.4GHz)
Why are APs such a fucking shitshow holy fuck. Why are there 1.2Gbps 2.4GHz APs with only 1G WAN and 2.5G and even 10 fucking G WAN models with almost the shittiest sub gigabit 2.4GHz capabilities imaginable.

>>106576153 (OP)
N100 is pretty much all you need unless you reencode to av1, right?

>>106626661
Because you only should use Wifi when absolutely necessary, if the device stays put and can be connected via copper/fiber you should not use wireless crap.

>>106580663
The best way is to swap one drive at a time, resilver, then move to the next drive, until all the drives are swapped out

>>106626768
I'm happy with an N150 but I'm just hosting for myself (plus one extra user once in a blue moon)

>>106588880
>Win11
>Server
Lmao use Linux loser

>>106589223
I'm sorry what? Redpill me

>>106576153 (OP)
I have a website that serves a lot of media. What does hsg think of this? I don't like the loud noise from hdds.

>>106626661
2.4G is simply last resort, real use happens on 5 and 6ghz

>>106627095
External ssds with enclosures always hve some weird shit performance with weird shit controllers and questionable heat management. If you’ll be running it 24/7 you will almost certainly want to buy a decent m2 ssd and a standalone enclosure, either with a large heatsink/thermal mass or with active cooling (shit gets hot yo, doesn’t matter for 1 hour a week external ssd, does matter for always on device).
The only way I’d buy it is if it was gen3 which has lower temps than 4, but it’s unlikely given it’s 8tb

>>106592980
I have about 20 active users and with my request system it auto approves 1080p content, but it's manual approval for 4k. I have about 80tb used

>>106602654
Look at AMP Instance Manager. It's perfect for game server hosting, you can delegate access for friends to manage the servers too.

>>106621349
PC part picker website will be your friend

>>106622911
Use another client VPN server like OpenVPN. I'm a network engineer and I can't wrap my head around setting up a basic wire guard von tunnel shit never works for me and makes me feel mega retardo

>>106623073
This is why I use unraid. My QNAP os corrupted my previous NAS and I lost 40tb of data

>>106592980
>tfw I just installed a 8x20TB HDD pool just for jellyfin

>>106620479
If you get one of these 6 port ones make sure it uses the ASM1166 instead of the common ASM1064 and a splitter (JVM575? Something like that). The 1166 does 6 ports on its own, the splitter moves the 1064 from 4 ports to 6 ports, but can cause issues with drive detection.

>>106621202
>Don't buy used unless it's a damn good deal and you will have a lot of redundancy or don't give a fuck about your data.
Why not?
If it's got crazy hours or bad blocks, sure. But that doesn't mean you need to throw out all used drives.

How much does air filled vs. helium filled matter for HDDs?
I have a few enclosures I'm looking at for shucking, but I don't have a way of knowing whether the drives will have air or He, and I know air runs hotter, but I'm not sure if it's a big deal or not. I have a lot of fans on my case.

>>106627646
it's just route based tunneling with a VTI style overlay/underlay semantics. ask an LLM about it because it's important behavior to understand for network engineers. it's WAY more simple than ipsec.

Finally think I've picked out some parts
for a home lab wanted to ask around for
any possible major fuck ups!
Build:
>AMD Ryzen 7 8700G
>MSI PRO B650-P WIFI ATX AM5 Motherboard
>Thermalright Peerless Assassin 120 SE 66.17 CFM CPU Cooler
>Corsair Vengeance 32 GB (2 x 16 GB) DDR5-6000 CL30 Memory
>Samsung MZ1LV960HCJH 960 GB M.2-22110 PCIe 3.0 X4 NVME Solid State Drive
>Seagate BarraCuda 4 TB 3.5" 5400 RPM Internal Hard Drive x2
>Presumably some sort of raid controller
>NZXT H5 Flow ATX Mid Tower Case
>Corsair SF750 (2024) 750 W 80+ Platinum Certified Fully Modular SFX Power Supply

im assuming im also going to need to buy my own power supply,gel, zipties ect ect

what think?

(i will probably add more hard drives/ram later on a when need basis)

>>106629173
helium improves reliability a little, but it also makes repair near impossible and hampers data recovery
if you will never resort to repair/data recovery services, prefer helium drives; if you ever need to RMA you'll probably get a brand new drive instead of a refurb

>>106629485
>>Seagate BarraCuda 4 TB 3.5" 5400 RPM Internal Hard Drive x2
>>Presumably some sort of raid controller
Those are SMR. Go IronWolf [Pro] or WD Red Plus/Pro, or some other "NAS" drive.

>>106629524
>helium improves reliability a little, but it also makes repair near impossible and hampers data recovery
OK, noted. My storage scheme should mean I never have to rely on data recovery, but I will keep that in mind.
How do they compare on noise and is the extra heat produced by air drives significant or not really?

Is archer c7 + openwrt recommended here?
I was planning to buy a managed switch, but figured out I could get c7 for the same price since I only need few ports.
I will only use it as dumb ap / vlan tagging i already have a separate device for the main router

>>106629538
Thank's anon
probably will just go with iron wolf just to keep
it simple ^^

ill try and post progress when I order the stuff :3

>>106629602
they ported openwrt to those cheap realtek based switches

speaking of
what was even the "safe" size HDD were getting made before memelium?
8TB?

>>106626987
Better hope and pray because that sounds like a pool failure waiting to happen.

>>106590916
When that fat fuck dies I'm gonna chisel this on his headstone

>>106602010
CLI are user interfaces, they're just not graphical.
>>106605335
Do you know how to read? It's an honest question, many people when encountering novel text are totally unable to read and understand what they're reading. T
he error message says exactly what the problem is, don't just skim over it telling yourself you don't know wtf it means.
Read it.

>>106629152
>Why not?
>If it's got crazy hours or bad blocks
Because you don't know these things about the drives in a lot of instances and it matters a whole lot more with HDDs, that's why not.
assume that they're mishandled during:
>usage
>installation
>removal
>shipping to you
Now assess whether or not it's a good deal
>doesn't mean you need to throw out all used drives.
You would buy your own used drives at the same prices would you? Be honest with yourself

>>106576963
What type of critter made that nest?

>>106625808
figured it out. just went with NAT for my wireguard clients lol. Works exactly the same as ipv4. couldn't get NPt to work in pfsense so fuck it. nothing wrong with a little NAT

help me guys
I was doing some cleaning and finally managed to move my server out of my room to the attic where the whole network hub/router lives so it could be powered with a single UPS.
So I plugged it in and the only difference in the network structure is that now it is connected with less wire but other than that everything is the same and yet videos I play from it over the network stutter and choke. They may play okay for a while but eventually they will stutter. This never happened before. What am I missing?

How do you do pxe boot using netboot.xyz (installed as a truenas container) if your router doesn't support option 60/66/67 but you want to keep the router as the dhcp server so the rest of your devices and network don't get fucky if ever you have to shut the server down for a while?

>>106633005
there's a rat sapping your bandwidth

>>106633005
>cleaning
Dust on RJ45 connections, blow on that thang
>connected with less wire
Less wire as in new shorter runs of cables? Make sure all those cables are good, isolate and test.
>What am I missing?
Check your NICs/drivers in dmesg and network services in journalctl. If neither of those show issues do an iperf3 test.

>>106633315
I don't have mice, not to mention rats
>>106633347
everything was blown clean with compressed air, shorter cables are the same that were used before except they are not plugging into the wall just straight to the router
I'm starting to have a suspicion what's wrong: I was playing the files directly from the drive that's dedicated just to the torrents, but the files from the raid array play just fine, even when larger size/res. Copied the files to raid and now they play fine. I'm suspecting the torrent drive is starting to give up its spirit and the read speed is crippled (average copy speed when transferring between drives is like 5mb/s, sometimes goes to 0 and then spikes to 10-12). I bought all new drives for raid but for torrents and ddl I used old drives, one has 75k hours and the other 50k, I think the one that's giving me the trouble is the one with 75k

>>106633005
i would never put a UPS out of my sight especially in a potentially unconditioned space. housefire waiting to happen, lead acid or not.

I've got truenas scale setup on a NAS I built myself, running jellyfin for media stuff. I'd like to enable access to just jellyfin to my friends over the net. From what I am reading, it seems like tailscale is a 'safe' choice to do this, would this be a good suggestion to go with? Is it worth attempting to self-host headscale if that's the case?

>>106630299
>You would buy your own used drives at the same prices would you? Be honest with yourself
Of course I would. They're in fine condition, and obviously I would be happy to pay less than what they cost new.
>>106630299
>Because you don't know these things about the drives in a lot of instances and it matters a whole lot more with HDDs, that's why not.
On eBay you can either buy from sellers who post info, or request info and buy only if they agree, or actually in a lot of cases you have very good odds of returning drives for a full refund including refunded shipping if you provide test results in the dispute and show that you did request this info from the seller.
It's a pain but affordable drives are a jungle right now.

>>106633005
Is your attic really warm and do you hardware transcode? Maybe your thermals are worse. My attic gets really really hot to the point where I wouldn't put hardware up there.

>>106617418
how much RAM do you have?

I'm trying to lessen my power consumption. Is it a good idea to use my laptop connected to a USB C USB 3.0 dock to seed and run jellyfin? Will it be as fast as my SAS HBA controller on my AM4 desktop with less power consumption?

>>106576153 (OP)
Why are there AC units

Is this a good drive for a NAS/Plex? Or should I just get a Red NAS from Western Digital brand new? The reviews say the drives are in pretty good condition, even with tens of thousands of hours on them. I'm finally running out of space on my 6TB drive with all my movies and shows.

>>106635944
Yes, because your internet connection is slower than the drives anyway.

>>106636187
That is much better than a Red, but it's always a gamble buying used shit. Expect poor packaging. Since it's amazon, returning should be easy enough if there's a problem.

>former sysadmin
>downgraded myself to service desk just to get a foot into a certain bigger organization
>plans to seek promotion into higher positions
>therefore doesn't want to lose track
>private projects to keep up with things
>don't want to run any webservices because there's nothing that I need
>not interested in home automation
>private network just runs with a few devices, a NAS and a little firewalling and routing
What could I build?

>>106636593
practice terraform and ansible shit and virtualization. build some nice scripts to do it. buy an azure instance or some shit. sysadmins are expected to be able to automate mass deployment in cloud infrastructure nowadays.

>>106636760
Yeah I know but I am searching for project ideas, should be something cool to keep me motivated.

>>106636187
buy used drives from datacenters on ebay.
not some refurbished shit from amazon.

3yo datacenter drives > new drives.

>>106629636
There was none.
There was an "unsafe size" being 3TB from seagate, but the idea there are safe and unsafe sizes isn't based on anything beyond people looking at a higher capacity drive and thinking about how much data they could loose.

Realistically there is potential teething issues as HDD manufacturers introduce new platforms but those new platforms are only introduced when they bring up HDDs with ever higher capabilities. Anything lower than 28TB you can consider "mature"

Bought a 25U Startech rack to migrate my messy pile of mini servers and network equipment to a rack. So far I've only mounted a router, have a switch in transit too.

Do you guys have any suggestions when it comes to migrating my mini servers? Just buy a cheap 2U chassis and buy random Supermicro mobo?