Thread 107158506

Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.

$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%

Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%

Try a random distro:
https://distrosea.com
https://distro.moe

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
https://wiki.archlinux.org
https://wiki.gentoo.org
https://wiki.debian.org

/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Category:GNU/Linux

>What distro should I choose?
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://suckless.org/rocks/
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
https://cheat.sh/
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/
https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux

GNU/Linux Games:
>>>/vg/lgg

Previous thread: >>107146379

RTFM culture needs to be brought back. spoonfeeding should be shunned.

>>107158515
Agreed, let's remove "friendly" from the thread. Anyone who comes to us for help after breaking their system with LLM scripts should be told to git gud.

>>107158515
I propose ATFLLM
>Ask the Fucking LLM

Is there an easy way to setup firewalld (using firewall-config) to block or allow requests on software basis?
I'd only allow librewolf, steam and system package manager to connect outside.
At this point I don't like the idea of freely allowing freeware software to run on my machine and not blocking their internet access.
For example Bottle connects outside whenever it starts up.. And so does other software.

>>107158566
No, then you'll get retards killing their OSes like the last thread.
Google the error message, google with site:reddit.com, or man -K.

>>107158592
you can use some flatpak meme to cut bottles from internet (and put a bunch of other restrictions)
but yea, firewall is probably better if it automatically rejects everything

>>107158566
This. Reading the manual is piss easy now. They have actual web page manuals and LLMs to spoon feed you. In my day you had to deal with gnutards crippling man pages on purpose to get you to interact with their fuckawful emacs themed info browser, and what they had there was merely unreadable instead of incomplete.

>>107158617
I'm going to answer my own question: firewalld cannot be configured on per software basis like Windows firewalls. For this I'd need to use something like OpenSnitch.
After using Windows for so many years I just don't simply trust that some tranny programmed 'freeware' will just not connect to internet without my permission. Just because I'm using Linux doesn't mean I should blindly trust each and every software I'm using...

if one were writing a lightweight backend for their application targeting x11, using x11 drawing commands to render the interface would be more efficient than using cairo, yes?

Well apologies for destroying the friendly vibes but sure as shit I wasn't aware of manual entries about handling your computer after playing games with Lutris or bottles.

I usually look at the oficial documentaion/wikis from google/stackexchange for my current issues,to get a basic grasp of what is what but his was too complex to found in a single entry besides wine prefixes which only led me to prompt deepseek

>>107158596
I mean you do still have to be intelligent enough to ask the right questions and realise when you're being misled. There's no fixing stupid.

>>107158647
Efficient in terms of what? If you're using X11 Forwarding of a 56k baud modem then maybe, but in today's world everyone has a GPU and we like to use it.

>>107158592
No, it's not a software rule firewall. Could be a job for network namespaces

what's a good alternative to mcomix for reading manga?

>>107158515
>>107158548
Gatekeeping is unironically based.
>>107158566
I propose you kys. (well played kek)

>>107158636
well it does need to escape wine environment and for that it needs to be programmed specifically to target zero day in wine
aint nobody doing that shit

the only issue is your wine can also just run cryptominers and botnets along with software
>>107158653
t'is ok
its a learning process

>>107158653
Then let this be a lesson for you: follow the paths of others. Don't use obscure distros that you'll have a hard time finding help on the internet, or other uncommon combinations.

>>107158515
further, anyone asking
should i delete windows and install linux??????????

should be killed

>>107158653
UNIX is actually very user friendly, it's just very selective about who their friends are.

did someone piss yall off or something? lmao
i wasnt following prev thread
>>107158714
that is true
cant be friends with it if you cant read

>>107158669
i try to pick the best tool for the job. i figure let the GPU render into GPU widgets, and let something like x11 render a simple button instead of xfering an image of the button across the network.

>>107158727
Yes, the draw commands are very much better for doing that over a network. No modern app works like that though, they all do the "composite the image into a buffer and transfer that over the network" thing which is why X11 Forwarding is essentially unusable with the vast majority of apps nowadays, it's a slideshow, it simply wasn't designed for that and there are many better protocols.

>>107158596
>>107158515
So I checked the last thread and it's just a guy redditspacing and being annoying, it's clearly a bait.
You guys just wasted my time for nothing...

>>107158917
Who are these "guys" you're talking to, anon? are they in the room with us right now?

>>107158681
I don't know what the fuck are you talking about. I am talking about setting up a firewall to only allow certain software through.
Is my English this bad? If so I really need to improve.

>>107158596
>site:reddit.com
enjoy your indians

>>107159064
well you worry about malware right?

Spent some time on the streets last year, and decided to get a laptop and try linux because it's supposed to be good on weak machines. Having a personal computer I could use at the library/cafes helped me keep my humanity and I didn't have to miss out on having fun with a computer even with no/low funds. Life's gotten better, and I can't say I owe linux for that, but it certainly helped me keep my chin up. Cheers! Please take this Compaq pape as tribute.
-Longtime lurker

considering switching from Mint to Debian. Whats something that isnt as bloated? Not interested in Arch.

>>107159102
yea you can salvage certain android devices with postmarketos and basically have desktop experience on a mobile device
so that you dont need to drag laptop and a charger around

>>107159111
cachyos :)
>>107158676
please reply

>>107159111
>>107157214

>>107158676
>>107159146
reading books with mupdf

>>107158676
nsxiv

>>107159136
Still mad that the one random old android phone I have is a Ulefone, I haven't been able to find any info on even the most basic modding.

>>107159168
i always accidentally buy the boring phones

I'm testing out Gentoo in Virtualbox, and for some reason the partition type list in fdisk didn't match what was outlined in the documentation. It's working correctly now, but does anyone have an idea what initially caused it?

>>107159168
what 'droid version does it run?
termux needs 7 and higher
5-6 for old unsupported versions
>>107159193
what exact list? partition types available for formatting or something?

>>107159166
my mangos are archive files
>>107159167
GUI app pls :)

>>107159221
>partition types available for formatting or something?
That's right. I double-checked and it looks like the problem was that the drive was set to the DOS disklabel by default and I overlooked setting it to GPT the first time. It's a good learning experience for sure.

>>107159221
Android 9 pie, and termux has been fun, I tried making the thing into a monero node but at that scale it was not happening.

>>107159266
man literal hobos are able to use linux distributions
thats on top of redditors, pewdiepie and elderly (there is that one grandma on youtube)
/v/irgins getting filtered by FOSS looks more and more pathetic each passing day

Anyone good with udev? is it possibly to plug a USB into my machine and have rules that rsync all my keys(ssh, gpg) to it from my home folder, or can udev invoke a script to do it? i imagine udev could ID it by a part-UUID and mfg information,

>>107159408
to clarify, you don't want to walk me through it, just wondering if that was within the scope of udev. i've seen some rules but don't know the extent of its capabilities. i'll figure it out.

Are Vim or its forks worth learning if I like using Nano? I'm getting ready to start teaching myself to program. Emacs is tempting, but a little intimidating.

>>107159523
Not really. CLI editor preference is 99% smugness. Learn how to do basic shit in vim like saving files and quitting vim, but unless you're a sysadmin for your real boy job there's no point.

>>107159523
i dont know about nano but vim has some neat bells and whistles which when you discover you realize you didnt know you needed
the joining lines keybinding alone saved me probably hours of work already
the . keybinding as well
random ass encryption feature that it has out of nowhere
terminal integration
it even has goddamn autocomplete by default

its also infinitely easier to use on mobile
other editors are unusable compared to vim
you have plugins to turn it into IDE

other than that tiling WM and/or tmux + nano is a nice combo

>>107159548
i learned vim in the intro cs courses in college, and still use it to this day

How do you get "custom" apps to launch on WindowMaker (i.e. Steam and Discord) when there isn't an app to drag to the dock?

>>107159684
iirc you need to bring up the window settings or whatever they're called and tell it to force an icon or something

>>107159523
Vim is good to know for a lot, but don't make a project of learning it. Just use it and pick up things as you go. Keep a cheat sheet somewhere and pick up a new motion every week or so. Total waste of time to pretend to learn it.

>>107159579
I use vim too but for programming, I have never learned how to use it properly. I'm just too slow with it unless editing some config files.

>>107159815
Insert
Visual Block
E/B navigation
You can press Ctrl+[ instead of Escape
:wq
:q!
r! echo some-command-that-will-be-dumped-into-the-document

That's all you need to know about Vim.

>>107159832
Yeah I know all of these. I'm talking about editing multiple files at the same time and picking stuff from other file stuff like that.

>>107159832
Thing is, for 99.99% of Linux users, nano will perform equally well, and every distro worth using will have both in their repos.

>>107159842
You can switch buffers with:
:b1, :b2, etc
You can close a buffer with :bd
You yank select text with y and paste it with p

>>107159851
If you just learn these basics of Vim then you'll still be flying even though you don't know everything. I'm not a Vim expert and would still use it over Nano any day.

>>107159842
not him but you do that with :tabnew
vim -p for opening multiple files from CLI
gt to the next tab
gT to the prev
i trust it you know how to yank shit by now
thats basically it with multible files

>>107159859
when you're editing a config file, ease of use matters more than how fast you can save the file.

>>107159969
And Vim is very easy to use if you learn those basics.

>>107160017
nano is even easier though and doesn't require *any* learning.

>>107160021
For simple edits, yes. For more complicated edits absolutely not.

>>107160021
It doesn't require any learning because you don't actually use it as an editor. You use zero of its features except type, move with arrow keys and save. This is the most clunky interaction ever compared to Vim, especially if you need to edit a lot of things at once.

How do you for example do multiple cursors in Nano so you can edit multiple lines at once?

>>107158647
assuming you're talking about networked x11, if you design your gui to be drawn with x11 primitives then it will be much faster, that's how x11 was originally designed, for remote viewing
modern toolkits instead render everything themselves and only hand off the finished bitmap to x11 (or wayland), which sucks over networked x11

>>107160030
usecase for editing multiple lines at once that isn't just an overcomplicated search and replace?

>>107160077
Appending a comma to multiple lines or inserting a dash/hyphen at the beginning of multiple lines for a YAML list.

Do you even edit config files?

>>107160124
Write your config files properly the first time, why the fuck are you having to insert dashes by hand?

>>107160177
>t y p e o u t e v e r y c h a r a c t e r b y h a n d s l o w l y
If you used Vim that would be way more efficient

>>107160183
type faster faggot

>>107160207
Yes, type all of those commas and dashes by hand when you have a pre-made list you pasted into the file from elsewhere and need to format it appropriately. That's going to take you all day.

Nano is a toy for people that use it as a typewriter rather than an editor, even things like Micro are better than it if you're stuck on being too retarded for a modal editor but still want something better.

> decide to try GNOME
> want to configure wireguard config
> add wireguard through system settings app
> it freezes
> wtf
> https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-control-center/-/issues/3464
> created 5 months ago
Lmao, at this point I'm convinced nobody is using GNOME. When similar shit happens on KDE after major update it gets fixed in next 2 minor updates

>>107160224
Again, why aren't you generating these config files with a script? Why are you typing these out by hand like an intern?

>>107160233
Writing a script to do that takes longer than just doing it in Vim but I guess that's good job security for you if you're bored.

>>107160238
You've clearly had to write yaml configs more than 1 time, which means writing a script would have saved you time after the first one.

>>107160239
I've had to do it many times in fact. You clearly haven't. People that actually edit config files need features like multiple cursors. It's why every editor apart from Nano has it.

Writing a script for something that should take 5 minutes at most is not the answer.

>>107160253
This is what I was talking about earlier. People who use vim constantly have to justify that they spent the time to learn vim instead of just using nano, so they invent scenarios that don't need to happen to justify their usage of vim.
Nobody cares what editor you use besides yourself, man.

>>107160253
Also, if you do write a script you're going to need a good editor to write the script in anyway otherwise you'll be in a recursive loop of editing your script to workaround Nano being shit in Nano but realising Nano is still shit so you need to write a script in Nano for your script your editing in Nano.

>>107160268
What is the scenario for a typewriter?

>>107160275
Usecase for caring what text editor people use?

>>107160284
I genuinely don't care. This whole chain started because you said Nano was easier to use. I agreed with you that yes, in the simple case it probably is easier.

There are better editors that people that edit config files actually use though.

>>107160298
just use KWrite kappa

>>107160312
Kate is better. I do use that sometimes for when I don't feel like sitting in the terminal.

>>107160320
I have this alias anyone can pinch if they want:
$ alias sukate
sukate='env SUDO_EDITOR='\''kate -b -n'\'' sudoedit '


So I can do something like:
sukate /etc/hosts to edit the hosts files using sudoedit.

>>107160336
in my experience, when using Kate or other GUI editors to edit system files, if I don't have permission to save, it'll just ask me for my password to save it. No need to faff about with sudoedit.

>>107160355
That requires the Kio Admin plugin which not every system will have (I don't have that installed on my system):
https://invent.kde.org/system/kio-admin

If you already have sudo auth'd in your terminal (because the cookie is valid) then this alias will also never ask for permission, it'll just write out the edits once you've finished saving it.

>>107160367
sudoedit should also in theory work with Flatpak Kate, or any other editor too because it never requires that the editor itself have root privileges. It's a pretty neat tool in sudos toolbox.

>>107160367
not having kio-admin installed is definitely a choice.
Like sure it's your system but also: why?

>>107160480
It's questionable what value it provides for the higher attack surface.
https://security.opensuse.org/2025/02/21/kio-admin-admittance.html

>>107160490
Fair, but the article even admits the potential for exploits is low.

>>107160336
Why don't you just set "EDITOR=kate -n -b" in your environment and use regular sudoedit?

Is LUKS unbreachable with a good enough password?
t. offsite backup

>>107160679
With a long enough password, LUKS can't be cracked in your lifetime. So your Chinese cartoons will be safe.

>>107160679
>2025
>LUKS password
Use secureboot+tpm2

>>107160880
>secureboot+tpm2
>Why would you use your brain to store your password? Are you retarded? Just use this non-backdoored (pinky promise) chip instead

>>107161609
Sure that absolutely not backdoored so-processor inside your CPU didn't steal you decryption key already

anyone tried x11libre on void? How is it?

I want to run a white noise/static sound removal on all audio, on pipewire.
But before I get into it, tell me if I'll like it or not.

>>107162056
You VILL install noise/static sound removal on all audio and you VILL like it. You VILL also Install easyeffects and you VILL like that too.

>>107162056
First of all why do you need it? Why do you have any white noise/static sound at all?

>>107162077
Because some video ships with it? Like youtube asmr videos. I would like to get rid of it.

>>107162067
Guess I'll try easyeffects, though I'm not sure it does what I want

I'm a Viman. Lower your tone when talking to me.

How do I recursively execute a command in every subdirectory of a certain directory?

>>107162270
cd ./a
command
cd ..
cd ./a/b/
command
cd ../..
cd ./a/b/c
command
cd ../../../
cd ./a/b/c/d
command

fglt more like glgbtq+

>>107162270
find /certain/directory -type d -exec a_command \;
>>107162328
damn, guess i'm switching to windows with that one

>>107162056
i'm not certain exactly what you're after, but i run all my audio through calf studio tools, using pipewire since it's the only server that can mix alsa/pulse/jack clients together into the same audio graph, and in that i use the deesser plugin to filter out those harsh "s" sounds (like loud white noise)

>>107162294
> not using zoxide
ngmi

How can I install this?

https://codeberg.org/amjoseph/sixos

It's basically NixOS without systemd but doesn't have an ISO.

>>107162328
>glgbtq+
Is this the version of Windows that don't have bloatware and telemetry?

>>107162377
why is it that anti-systemd people seem to never have any idea how linux works?