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Maat, then, is the order established by the Creator, and king and community are called upon by the sacred texts to preserve it, restore and enrich it. This is the call for and establishment of a Maatian or moral culture in which Maatian thought and practice take root and thrive. The king was morally compelled to drive out isfet, Maat’s opposite, and establish Maat in its proper place so that one may say “the land is as it was at the first time”. For as Frankfort notes, “the order established at the beginning of the world was considered to be normative for all times.” This meant that Ra as creator and king of the world and the pharaoh was in his likeness, i.e., creator, king, law-giver, etc.
Thus, it was said of Ramesses II in the 19th Dynasty, “You are the living likeness of your father Atum … for Authoritative Utterance is in your mouth, Understanding is in your heart and your speech is the shrine of Truth (Maat)”. Again, at the coronation, Queen Hatshepsut in the 18th Dynasty is acknowledged and welcomed by the powers of heaven with the words, “Welcome, O daughter (of Amen-Ra). Behold your law and order in the land. You establish it, you set right that which is wrong in it. They conclude saying “we acknowledge the descent of him (Amen-Ra) who created us”. In Maatian ethics, divine kingship is both an obligation and right to rule. The obligation is to rule in righteousness and the right is derivative from and based on the successful execution of the obligation. This is also the concept of imitatio dei, or as in the ancient Egyptian, ἰrt mἰ R̔, which means “acting like Ra” or emulation of God through righteousness.