Thread 106241060

Precision edition

previous: >>106197925

READ THE (temp)WIKI! & help by contributing:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Home_server

/hsg/ is about learning and expanding your horizons. Know all about NAS? Learn virtualization. Spun up some VMs? Learn about networking by standing up a OPNsense/PFsense box and configuring some VLANs. There's always more to learn and chances to grow. Think you’re god-tier already? Setup OpenStack and report back.

>What software should I run?
Install Gentoo. Or whatever flavor of *nix is best for the job or most comfy for you. Jellyfin/Emby/Plex to replace Netflix, Nextcloud to replace Googlel, Ampache/Navidrome to replace Spotify, the list goes on. Look at the awesome self-hosted list and ask.

>Why should I have a home server?
De-botnet your life. Learn something new. Serving applications to yourself, your family, and your frens feels good. Put your tech skills to good use for yourself and those close to you. Store their data with proper availability redundancy and backups and serve it back to them with a /comfy/ easy to use interface.

>Links & resources
Cool stuff to host: https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted
https://reddit.com/r/datahoarder
https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/wiki/index
https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Features
ARM-based SBCs: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PGaVu0sPBEy5GgLM8N-CvHB2FESdlfBOdQKqLziJLhQ
Low-power x86 systems: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1LHvT2fRp7I6Hf18LcSzsNnjp10VI-odvwZpQZKv_NCI
SFF cases https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AddRvGWJ_f4B6UC7_IftDiVudVc8CJ8sxLUqlxVsCz4/
Cheap disks: https://shucks.top/ https://diskprices.com/
PCIE info: https://files.catbox.moe/id6o0n.pdf
>i226-V NICs are bad for servers
>For more SATA ports, use PCIe SAS HBAs in IT mode
WiFi fixing: pastebin.com/raw/vXJ2PZxn
Cockpit is nice for remote administration

Remember:
RAID protects you from DOWNTIME
BACKUPS protect you from DATA LOSS

damn btop is lit fr fr

Would you?

>>106241528
nvtop is also pretty nice for nvidia

>>106241641
I use Intel+AMD and nvtop is still my go-to for a GPU top.

I'm new to personal servers.

Let's say I want to set up a server to listen to cumtown, can a raspberry pie zero 2 with a 64gb micro SD card be enough to listen to audio while on the road?

LMAO what happened to the install gentoo wiki?

>>106241746
i think someone trooned out and defaced it.

>>106241599
No. 8 is my limit.

>>106241700
Mersham i have great news: it works fine as long as you stick to mp3.

>>106241060 (OP)
Upgraded my old core2duo SFF to a i5-6500 HP for 40 dollars. 32GB of ram, running truenas scale. Peak comfy.

>>106241599
not with that few pcie channels

>>106241599
>laughs in LSI 9305-24i

>>106241867
>laughs in C states and normal temps

>>106241883
>doesn't understand how to properly cool or manage power consumption for computer equipment
I bet you ride a bike to work on busy roads as well.

>>106241883
Yeah... I have a 9207-8i I got for really cheap and it works perfectly for 8 ports but that permanent ~10W draw due to the shitty PowerPC CPU on it not knowing how to idle and the board having no support for sleep is really annoying. At least the Noctua 40mm fan I strapped to it is inaudible and it runs cool-ish. In hindsight I should've just got a 5/6 port ASMedia controller.

>>106241883
LSI cards don't support any kind of sleep state, the system will crash entering or exiting sleep.

>>106241959
Meant to reply to >>106241942

Also, the older LSI cards like the 9207 don't support TRIM. Or rather, they do in an early version of the firmware, but LSI removed support in later versions even though it worked despite the cards not being designed for it.

posted this right when thread died so posting again:

set up a proxmox environment in my house last month and have been enjoying it. Reading through a textbook on it has been enlightening, and testing different setups has been pretty fun. I have a CS degree, was wondering if there are many jobs that would deal with this kind of work? Coming from webdev but I find this more fun so far. Would this be a sysadmin role kinda thing? I imagine I'd have to combine proxmox knowledge with some AWS stuff to get employable right?

>>106242109
>tech jobs
lmao. do you shit in the street?

>>106242109
>jobs
In this economy?

Should I buy a a mobo with a lot of SATA ports and then plug my drives directly into the board? Or should I buy some sort of controller?

Any good guides on setting up firewall rules for opnsense, not so much a spoon feeding guide but an actual guide with detailed explanations.
I'm new to this and just want to get pointed to a good direction by a human

>>106241599
>filename
also, no
I have LSI/Broadcom HBA cards in the last shit with SATA and everything else is NVME

>>106241853
>truenas scale
fawk
25 gave us "instances" because DEI hire and trannies thought virtual machines are gross
broke all my shit
now a new update has containers and virtual machines just to break my shit again
virtio bridges are a pain in the penis to configure with the vm running a vpn now (only acceptable vm on a NAS)

>>106242362
I put my truenas scale in a proxmox VM

>>106241853
Why does one need 32gb RAM in a NAS?

Please be gentle, I'm retarded.

>>106242661
ZFS shit

>>106242670
>ZFS
Sounds like your problems are self-inflicted.

>>106242768
It makes things better why would I hate it?
You want optimum performance and you get that

>>106242661
you dont

is WinBTRFS really too unstable?
apparently WSL2 mounting cannot withstand sudden power outs unless constantly unmounted, but I dunno about VMs

>>106242661
Because DDR4 is plenty and I had it laying around

>>106241599
On a 4.0 x4 link this in theory should have 133% the required bandwidth to saturate all 24 drives simultaneously (assuming 250mb/s per drive which is a reasonable best case max). In reality it's probably horrendously slow with horrendous-er latency when you hit it with any real load.

Practical
>spend ~$1200 on a dozen 12-14tb drives
>90+tb space, plenty for the foreseeable future
>Quiet, compact (fits in 1 full tower), low power and heat

Fun
>Spend 700+ on a bunch of shelves, cables, and a rack frame
>Spend an additional 2k on 100 4tb drives
>270tb space, good for the rest of my life and plenty for personal extreme archiving/hording
>Very loud, not compact at all, will use over 1kw continuously (extra $80 per month) plus ac will have to run longer and more often

>>106243247
that doesn't sound fun at all

>>106243247
>100 4tb drives
Make them 2.5" so you shave 30% of the power bill and 50% of the noise

my server runs windows 10 and will never need anything else

I need a 1u half depth server with ipmi

What do you use to browse your doujins?

>>106243594
200% headache because they will be SMR

what's the next step up from my t730+intel nic for a pfsense box? i just want a discrete nic.
probably not long until they roll out 2.5g and i'm always maxing the thermals on this thing anyways its time for an upgrade.

>>106243545
It's supposed to be fun because you have a big ass array of drives with a ton of space, (relatively) high speeds and most importantly a bunch of blinking lights with everything else being a downside

>>106243594
I considered 2.5 because of the cheaper drives and shelves, but I don't think they ever did above 2tb 2.5 sas hdds which would make it even more expensive and hard to find drives in bulk, plus the shelves are supposed to be way louder than 3.5 versions (at least for netapp)

Looking to get a dedicated router box to replace my ISP's router. No experience with router OSes but from what I can see I'd probably go with OPNsense.
I have two mini PCs running proxmox for my home server, to which I could add a second NIC via the A+E key m.2 slot. But I think I'd rather have a dedicated router than a virtualized one, since I like to tinker with the servers. Would also move Adguard Home and Caddy to the router box probably, to centralize the networking stuff.

Anyway, I see lots of router hardware with 4 NICs, but also people saying to go with a 2 NIC router and a switch. My WAN is only 100Mbps but I'd like my internal network to be 2.5GbE. Also going to want proper network segmentation between general devices, security cams and IoT devices (so VLANs).

If I get a router box with 1x 1GbE NIC (WAN) and 1x 2.5GbE NIC (LAN) + a managed 2.5GbE switch would that be sufficient? How does internal traffic actually flow? E.g. if two devices on my internal network want to talk to each other, does everything flow through the 2.5GbE port on the router or is it more like a coordinator where the bulk of the traffic is handled by the switch? In other words, is that single LAN port on the router going to be a bottleneck for internal traffic?

>>106245144
Going back and looking 2.5 drives are actually way more expensive now per tb, 1-1.6tb drives are $20 in bulk while 4tb 3.5s are also $20 in bulk

>>106242768
you can turn ARC cache off you retard. The extra ram makes it faster than other filesystems.

>>106241060 (OP)
Bros I need help.
I got a QNAP TR-004 and 2x 8TB WD Red Plus.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asqnMGWhN9I

I have this exact noise as well.
It's like a periodic thumping noise every 5-10-15 seconds randomly.
Even at idle.

Is this fucking normal? I can't tolerate it so I'm heavily considering returning it, but then what the fuck do I do with the QNAP ...

>>106245439
Yeah that's normal
You get used to it

>>106245500
Hell fucking no? I already have tinnitus which I got "used to" in 8 years.
I genuinely don't think I can tolerate this.
Do other smaller drives have this "FEATURE" too?
Idk what to do about the QNAP TR-004 now though, might just fill it with SSDs for 2.5 times the price if all HDDs are like this...

Any way to test drive integrity on windows at all? Just to make sure these are supposed to be normal.
One of them does it more often it seems than the other for what it's worth...
Man I'm really depressed this happened. I don't wanna have to ship back these two huge packages.

>>106245536
It's only a thing on modern high capacity drives. I think so at least. It's called PWL btw.
Although I actually haven't watched the video yet I just assumed since what you're describing sounds exactly like it. But it's supposed to be periodic not random.

>>106245550
Yeah googling PWL is exactly what it is.
Feels like it does it more often if I'm transferring files to it.
It doesn't feel really periodic though is what kills me.
Like if it did it maybe once a minute I'd be fine, but it really doesn't. it's like once every 5 seconds.
This is maddening because the noise is rather harsh compared to a basically silent PC and room.
A minor grinding noise for a second and then pure silence again.

>>106245585
I guess you can either move the entire setup somewhere you can't hear it or cover it up with background noise.

>>106245601
I only have a tiny room available to me. The drive use noise wouldn't bother me if it wasn't for this clicking... The QNAP is entirely silent too.
Do you reckon smaller drives would have this too?

>>106245621
Probably not. It started off as an enterprise drive thing and it just so happens that prosumer stuff is based off those.
Check the specs anyway to be sure.

>>106245642
It has PWL for sure, but should normal head movement cause the same noise as well?
I just open a 1GB video file on it, click around on the timeline and each click which assume is a different read / head movement is yet another click/scratch.
Sorry to sperg about this, but so far I only used 2TB blues and never heard a peep from them.

>>106245662
Yeah PWL is just moving the head around so it'd make the exact same noise.
Unlike consumer drives enterprise drives are not engineered for noise at all.

>>106245550
>It's only a thing on modern high capacity drives
the feature yes but the noise is nothing new
i had drives clicking in 2009 due to aggressive head parking defaults

>>106245209
>if two devices on my internal network want to talk to each other, does everything flow through the 2.5GbE port on the router
No.
>or is it more like a coordinator
The only thing the router might do is assign IP addresses to devices via DHCP. Beyond that, it has nothing to do with LAN traffic whatsoever.
>a router box with 1x 1GbE NIC (WAN) and 1x 2.5GbE NIC (LAN)
If the only thing your router is doing is connecting your devices to WAN (i.e. you're not hosting any kind of storage or media streaming services on the router itself), then there's no point in going out of your way to give it a 2.5GbE NIC - you'll be bottlenecked by the 100Mb WAN anyway.

r8 my b8

Good morning saars. I made the mistake of buying brand new 6 TB drives for my 4-drive RAID 6 Qnap NAS. Where should I buy cheap higher capacity replacement drives? I'm in Poland.

Currently have a M720q with a gen 9 i7 and 16GB RAM running as an application server (NextCloud, Jellyfin, Bitwarden, StandardNotes, AudioBookshelf, Code-Server)

Looking at buying a couple more, one to run ELK+Wazuh and one to run OpenSense and other network utilities (VPN, AdGaurd, Pi Hole, DHCP)

My question is, is there anything additional to consider for my planned setup?
I'd be looking at i7s for the two additional boxes and maybe bumping up the application server and the ELK server to 32GB RAM (depending on costings could bumping the network util box be worth it too?).

Already have a 2.5gig NIC in the app server and would be getting them for the new boxes since my switch, NAS and current router are all using it anyway and figure may as well leverage the additional bandwidth

>>106221136
Nobody answered QwQ, would anyone help me out??

>>106245863
You have to run [my distro of choice] and [my pedo software of choice] to do [simple task] or you're straight and male.

>>106246234
That little fucker runs Gentoo and this is not negotiable.

>>106242615
>truenas scale in a proxmox VM
hwat
I professionally maintain enterprise environments
not tryin to come home and maintain converged infrastructure

>>106242661
>Why does one need 32gb RAM in a NAS?
You don't
you need more
4-5 GB per raw TB installed
plus cache to keep wear off the disks or flash
That gives you crazy high performance and low wear
Also, use ECC RAM in your NAS
Otherwise the data being written out can all be trash and there is no validation
My NAS at the house is 16TB of SATA SSD and 64GB of RAM since that's max
The new one is 768 GB RAM and 30 TB NVME

>>106242661
You'll get a lot of Truenas hate on this board, but its a rock solid platform and now its a true linux platform with electric eel version releases.

To your question, never in the history of IT, has a sysadmin ever said "I think my server has TOO much ram".

Never. Not once.

>>106244970
I say get a M920q lenovo with the PCIe card adapter plus a x710-da2 or da4. Lots of examples out there for opnsense running this perfectly. With a DA4 it might get a little toasty, but it seems to be fine for the thousands of people doing it.

I prefer the HP Elitedesk SFF if you have the space. More breathing room for the NICS if you get the low profile variants of hte x710. Idles even lower than the m920q on Win10 but Opnsense has shit C state kernel coding so its probably going to be 10w-12w floor power costs with either.

>>106246118
Generic points.

Approach #1.
Have you hooked up:
- keyboard
- screen
- serial terminal ?

Can the device even boot off usb?
Does it need a special key combo to do it?

Approach #2.
- Open up the device.
- Take out the boot/os disk.
- Plug said disk into some other computer you have.
- Use debian installer on said computer, and install to said disk.

You might want to clone the disk before completely fucking things up.

Anyone running NUCs?

I have a 4c/8t intel 8th gen nuc and am wondering what it's good for.

Will I burn house down?

>>106247831
I have one of these and it idles at 2W if there's nothing running.
Of course that doesn't happen anymore once I got services set up, but it was cool to see power use drop by half just from unplugging a flash drive.

>>106248365
2W really? I'm kinda skeptical not gonna lie.
Also flash drive is more like 0.4W not 2W.

>>106248442
2W measured with a wall plug meter. Fresh install of fedora server, nothing running. Just one sata ssd.
Also my flash drive eats a lot of power for some reason. It gets noticeably warm just sitting there plugged in.

What do you guys use for self-hosted chat?
I was looking at the free version of Rocket and it seems pretty good, is it worth using over something like element / matrix?

Anyone ever use home servers in a portfolio for work?
What did hiring managers think was the most impressive thing you've done.

Will something like this work?
My board only has one x16 pcie port but supports 4x4x4x4 bifurcation.

>>106243094
Yeah... about that... it uses an ASM1812 as the PCIe switch:
https://www.asmedia.com.tw/product/1e2yQ48sx5HT2pUF/b7FyQBCxz2URbzg0
PCIe 2.0 x2 to host.
Yes, really.

>>106245439
That noise is because at some point some WD "engineer" decided they should randomly move the heads every few seconds to "reduce surface wear" on idling drives. Not kidding, it was somewhere around 2016 or so IIRC, the Blacks started doing it first, then they pushed the firmware that does it to other lines. Then HGST's lines got merged in and it all got extra confusing.

>>106245621
Put the drives in standby when you're not using them. Or put headphones on.

>>106241853
How's the built-in, hardware CVEs on that CPU Anony?

>>106245439
This is normal and the reason why I put my home server in my basement.
Also I have a QNAP TR-004 as well to hold my drives, and it's an unfathomable piece of shit. I need to find something decent to replace it.

>>106249850
This has been a thing for a long time.
It's an HGST thing, 2016 is about the time WD actually merged with them and you started seeing HGST disappear on drives completely.

It's in all WD drives because all WD drives are based on HGST designs or trace lineage to them. Afaik the only true WD designed drives left are 1-4TB, anything above are HGST.
WD blacks are old HGST ultrastar platforms often with denser platters.

>>106249577
what the fuck is wrong with you?
Just buy a LSI HBA card

>>106250021
Pretty sure he wants NVMe or some other PCIe fuckery, not SATA.

>>106250037
he used photoshop and added a U.2 NIC and U.2 SATA adapter
A simple LSI HBA with nvme support would be the most stable solution

>>106250021
>>106250126
I just wanted a second network card without sacrificing the whole x16 port so I can have the ability to add storage later.
NVMe or Sata doesn't really matter, just grabbed random images.

>>106250126
yeah but he obviously wants both network and data on the one pci slot.
it will probably work but it will be hot, slow, and dumb

I suspect my SAS card is dying or something. I've had issues where a drive will get rejected from the zpool for too many errors, but when I try to disconnect and reconnect the drive to get it back into /dev it won't come back.
Then it randomly switched and a DIFFERENT drive started failing after the old one finally showed back up. Its like the symptom just swapped drives.
So after much disconnecting, reconnecting, rebooting, and resilvering then BOTH drives are failing. After disconnecting on, resilvering the other, then reconnecting it and it resilvering, they finally got along and all drives are working.
Is this the sort of behavior you folks have seen when a SAS card is being a fucker? I initially thought my drive was dying but when the issue randomly swapped to the other drive I thought it had to be the SAS card.
I guess it could be a power supply issue, maybe all 6 drives on the two SATA power lines is too much for the thing, but I'm not sure.

>>106241700
You can even use an old phone for that.

>>106249318

is home server they like kick your butt for being competition

you write letter after letter 100% correct to carbon copy paper

>>106242303
There is a lot written on firewalld and it's pretty much distro agnostic. You can start with OpenSUSE wiki's and SLES documentation, if you don't get, there are videos on that.

How reliable are the decibel values listed for different drives in their spec sheets?

Trying to decide between some EXOS 16tb drives vs Ironwolf Pros, the latter are notably more expensive but I have heard they have a reputation of being more quiet, when EXOS is often said to be quite loud, but both have mostly identical decibel values for at rest/seek, of like 20-32 db

I'd have the NAS in my room and I'm a bit worried about the noise, and I've heard mixed things about if 20-30db is really that much worse then the lidle hum of multiple laptops and cooling pads (which I don't mind) or not.

>>106250484
In English retard?

If someone wants to know more about how pf works this recentish presentation is quite good.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtSg6ylDALo
>A packet's journey through pf By Kristof Provost
>A walkthrough of a packet's journey through (FreeBSD's) pf, concentrating on the big picture and its implications.

>We'll cover when packets are inspected, when rules are evaluated and how states are used. Along the way we'll cover what DTrace probes can show us, what some of pfctl's counters mean and just how many times pf can look at a single packet.

>This talk is intended for firewall admins looking for a deeper understanding and aspiring pf developers. It is not a "How to use pf" talk.
>Slides
https://fosdem.org/2025/events/attachments/fosdem-2025-4306-a-packet-s-journey-through-pf/slides/238212/presentat_GzZfyhT.pdf

>>106250359
>Then it randomly switched and a DIFFERENT drive started failing after the old one
Classic cascading array failure
3.5 years is all you can reliably expect from a drive
We replace all prod drives at 3 years
Since all the drives in an array are typically the same model and even the same batch / lot they will die sequentially
Have been experiencing the same thing with multiple clients.
>6 drive array
>1 drive dies, R&R
>2 more drives die the following week, R&R
>1 more drive dies the following week, R&R
> R&R last 2 old drives is scheduled

Bad cards throw errors on all the drives
Bad cables throw errors on all the connected drives

>>106250976
>Bad cables throw errors on all the connected drives
I may look into replacing the cable, as its one of those 1 in 4 SFF-8643 cables. Its only been drives connected to one set of cables that been having this issue.

>>106248475
>>106248442
>>106248365
I believe it. Some guy are Reddit was posting this prodesk SFF at 4-6w in the desktop of Windows 10. Obviously spikes happen under load, but HP does a REALLY good job forcing their proprietary MB's / PSU's to actually coordinate efficiency standards.

As opposed to Aliexpress chinkshit n100 garbage that just assumes you will believe the TDP 6w meme advertising, while using dogshit inefficient JBOD / SATA controllers than prevent any C state lower than C1. A N100 idling at 25w is a perfect example of chinkshit tech stealing mindset.

>>106251048
>I may look into replacing the cable, as its one of those 1 in 4 SFF-8643 cables.
In my experience, SAS->SATA breakout cables are always a weak link.

>>106249577
I agree with >>106250021 that you are retarded.

Commit the 16xPCIe slot to an LSI-9400-8i or 16i depending on drive use. I guarantee you have a wifi m2 slot on the MB and convert that to a single 2.5gb LAN port of whatever it is you want to add network wise to that abomination.

Managing your HDD's with a proper HBA is WAY more important than any risk of using a m2wifi to 2.5 i226 NIC card.

You can get a non-chink knockoff 9400-8i off ebay for like $70-100 if you try.

don't be stupid anon.

>>106251313
I'm really close to switching to a case that has an actual backplane on it anyway.

See if you can find Homeassistant's new Z-Wave controller

How do I stop being autistic
I keep re-building everything because it's "not perfect/could be better automated"

>>106241060 (OP)
How to access NFS/SMB share with tailscale?
I can ping the other machine

>>106250976
>3.5 years is all you can reliably expect from a drive
Meanwhile Google is still recycling 3TBs from 13 years ago

>>106252104
Just mount it? Works for me with plain Wireguard.

>>106252136
it's not the same though anon

>>106252159
What have you tried?

>>106249577
I'd like to say you're onto something, but those ASMedia 1166 chips are mediocre. You can buy something like picrel and get a proper LSI 9300-8i HBA if 8 drives are enough for you, a half height card on top will make it be full size while still having space for two NVMEs. It requires x4x4x8 bifurcation, which your mobo should be able to do

>>106252104
>smb://lazyanon.lan/iheartbbc
no idea. if you used wireguard I could tell you.

>>106251242
>A N100 idling at 25w is a perfect example of chinkshit tech stealing mindset.
Kek
True

>>106252433
How does that work since low profile and full height brackets are reversed at the top?

>>106251242
my server burns almost 400w idle.

>>106247763
>crazy high performance
Are there some sources for this claim?
I wanna see a graph showing i can pull 30gbps off my WD reds

Dumb question
So lets say I wanted to fuck with fiber channel, can an X520 for example just attach to one?
Or is this some really weird ass feature that's only supported with certain switches?

>>106252569
NTA but this is what it looks like when your reading and writing things off your ZFS arc

>>106252521
You have to use the short bracket on the top card, that way you can screw it to the case.

Well that was 11db of loss
Finally have a decent backhaul to my network

DNS server recommendations?

is debian comfy

>>106252800
djbdns

>>106241599
Not unless you love data corruption, LSI all the way

>>106252104
Yeah I fought with this for hours. I think I had to add a Route on truenas side of my local host ip, and I enter //ip/share on Windows network add. SMB parsing on Windows just sucks I think as well.

i blew up my sandy bridge box :( rest in power i3-2120 turd

>>106253230
>rest in power i3-2120 turd
Don't disrespect my first CPU

I wanna get a job so I can stop using my laptop as my server

>>106253521
We dont use the j-word here

>>106253531
sorry...

>>106250558
>>106250558
>>106250558
bumping

Also, what should I be looking for in a network switch? Can I buy pretty much whatever that has the amount of ports I need rated for the speeds I want, or should I be avoiding or looking for specific brands or considering other specs?

I only have two ethernet cables running from my office to my room, so I just want a switch to act as a splitter to give me extra ports/cables

>>106253428
what retard buys scam price memory with heatspreaders on for an i3

>>106254130
ah yes, I also vividly remember the product selection and pricing of 2011 memory.

>>106254130
It was cheap
corsair was always cheap shit
when I wanted more it was more corsair vengeance shit with the obnoxious heat spreaders
When I built my first home server it was Teamgroup memory also with stupid heat spreaders

Just couldn't get away from it back then because it was the style.

>>106254265
Should have gone with G.Skill. Same cheap shit but cheaper and without the useless "heatspreaders".

I posted this in another thread but figured I'd ask here as well for general thoughts on Cisco/Meraki

My work was looking at a network upgrade (on a budget, we're a non-profit), and ubiquiti was strongly being considered, but recently a Cisco employee reached out to offer a private donation with Cisco matching the employees' donation value in Cisco products.

Not sure if we (the organization) want to get into the Cisco/Meraki hardware ecosystem when normally without the donation we wouldn't have the funding for Cisco hardware.

How is Cisco shit long term? Im worried Cisco hardware will tie the organization into a long term subscription that costs more $$ long term than Ubiquiti hardware would.
We don't have a full time IT/network person so the gear would need to run for months without anyone regularly checking on things.

Our original budget for a new router/switch/NAS and 5 APs was $2500-3000. But that would barely afford 5 Meraki APs, let alone the rest of the needed hardware. But with the Cisco hardware donation would it be worth spending the time/effort getting the Meraki shit set up and how much would the subscription fee cost us in the long term.

I'm tempted to just jump at free Cisco hardware, but hesitate due to assumed long term subscription fees. I'll probably need to get in touch with Cisco and see if their donation will include a 5/7/10 year subscription, if it's 5 years (or less) I just don't think it'll be worth it in the long run.

>>106254413
they all had stupid heat spreaders why are you fixated on anons 2011 memory purchase. go back to >>>/g/pcbg if you want to rag on someone's build. at least the products have current prices you can actually suggest alternatives to, not whatever the hell you think the memory market looked like on the day anon bought that part 14 years ago

>looking on amazon for some /hsg/ parts
>see this
How?

>>106248365
>>106248475
To add to this I noticed that each power zone on the mobo gets its own step down converter.
So it's possible that when I unplugged the flash drive which is the last USB device for that zone, the entire converter shuts down too, further saving energy.

>>106254845
meant for >>106251242

>>106241060 (OP)
Can a kind Anon tell me if these would or wouldn't be a good idea for a home server? The storage capacity leaves a lot to be desired but they aren't badly priced for a SDD

>>106254873
I have the 2TB as my desktop system drive, it's good but runs hot. If you're planning on packing multiple in a server you're going to need some cooling directed at them.

>>106250359
likely a power issue.
had the same thing a year back.
then switches to using 2 molex/sata ports on the PSU instead of one.
never had a problem since.

>>106254873
I use it on my proxmox servers as the OS drive and distribute it between containers/VMs

>>106252031
thats ocd not autism

https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005007678036197.html?
Bought a 500ml oil spray bottle. It's not very good, I cleaned it out properly and let it dry before filling it to half. The build quality is poor and the oil comes out in a horizontal line. I'm not devastated over having paid 4€ for it but I don't recommend it.

>>106252569
I've to Chelsio T580 NICs in my desktops and my server. Those are 40Gb QSFP+

My smaller RAIDZ2 pool peaks at about 2.2GB per second sustained linear read/write, so a bit under half the capability of those NICs. If stuff is in the ARC I can reach 3.5ish GB/sec read. I can burst to about 3.2ish GB/s write speeds until it starts throttling me due to "dirty data max" values. (it'll throttle you above a certain threshold of ram usage when it can't flush data out to disk fast enough. You can adjust this, but the defaults are fine for most stuff you'll be doing.) Locally (IE from one VM/container to the TrueNAS VM), I can handle 10ish GB burst writes in under half a second... it just takes 5ish sections to actually pave it out to disk.

The other annon is full of shit in saying you want multiple GB/TB of raw disk capacity. ZFS works with whatever memory you give it. More is obviously better, but multi GB/TB is for deduplication type workloads. I've kneecapped my TrueNAS VM down to 10GB of RAM when doing AI bullshit that required just about every piece of RAM I had. Nothing "broke", but you definitely noticed TrueNAS chugging on random workloads when it couldn't throw enough into the cache. Large directory lookups would have to go to disk unless you had recently viewed a folder, and random I/O for my local git tree went to absolute shit, but that's because I was redlining the disks and paving out dozens of TB for the AI stuff concurrently.

The thing to remember for home use stuff is that your expected load is typically going to be VASTLY lower than an actual enterprise situations. You don't need to worry about caching your TV rips because a single modern hard drive can stream 4k lossless rips to like 20 people concurrently. Home use stuff is typically 99% idle and when you are doing large amounts of data transfers, it's not stuff that caching would even benefit from. You can legitimately run a 100TB pool off of a raspi. It just won't run a large database well.

>>106255759
>I've to
I've switched to*

goddamn you can get everything on OpenWRT
was dd-wrt abandoned or something?

>>106255829
People weaned off broadcuck hardware

>>106254487
the ddr3 i got for my i5 from 2012 didnt have heatspreaders

kingston valueRAM my beloved

I want to learn blender but I'm using vega 56. What's the best sub 150$ gpu I can get? I wouldn't mind fucking around with those data center cards

>>106257143
quadro p2000

Its not wasteful to get a stronger CPU than you need if in the end you save on electricity right?
Thinking about switching from a 2400G to a 5600G.

>>106257335
Is 5gb of vram really enough? On paper it looks kinda slow

>>106257353
>save on electricity
then get a monolithic 4650G

>>106257371
>Is 5gb of vram really enough
for 150 bucks yes
i guess you could find a rtx3050 too for about 170

>>106257416
ok thanks, ill look at benchmarks

>>106257387
Unless im bad at google searching 27W is not really that much better. I have a 2400G in my server and a 5600G in my desktop. They both pull around 30-40 watts including hard drives and peripherals where applicable.
The desktop is doing a lot more in idle than the server so the savings should be considerable right?. Also for whatever reason the 2400G cannot clock as low as the 5600G. I know that its different architectures but its probably not helping it.

>>106241700
I'm guessing your phone doesn't have an SD card slot. If you need a server I'd recommend audiobookshelf, or if the episodes have individual artwork podgrab. You can use them to create an RSS feed. If you want to manage the pi with a web ui you can use casaos/zimaos or portainer. Pi zero 2 should be enough.

Anyone use paperless?
How many cores would you need on a n95 class cpu with 4 cores?
I'm trying to see if I can fit it on my monitoring/dashboard slave server

I country bumpkin from europoor cuntry. If make home server, cost of electricity skyrocket (+20% a month). what do?

>>106257991
Did you actually calculate how much it would pull? You don't need some used e-waste rack pulling 400 watts in idle to have a useful hole server.

>>106257991
n95-n305 systems with a clear purpose of what you want, the idle power draw is relative to a router.

>>106258024
>n305
Given the price for those in Europe, might as well go Ryzen U.

>>106252104
SMB is really slow on wireguard in my experience. SFTP is better.

>>106241060 (OP)
>>i226-V NICs are bad for servers
Why is this?

since everyone is shilling Win10 IoT Enterprise,
is ReFS usable?

>>106241060 (OP)
Is headscale stable enough to be used in a semi-professional scope? I've got three buds with whom I build and sell stuff, we need a robust VPN solution and a lot of research has brought us to headscale but they say they're not fully there yet on their own website.

>>106259271
Forgot: I want to run it inside a LXC container and with a reverse proxy / dns for name resolution and stuff.

>>106259261
It's usable in that if you format your drives with it you can access data.
It's a meme tho
>ReFS versions are purposely not backwards compatible (Upgrade a PC with ReFS to Windows 11, your drive will show up as RAW format in windows 10 if you go back)
>not for portable use for the above reason
>loose some space compared to NTFS
>drives get scrubbed in the background in a virus like fashion
I've had a few HDDs formatted with it but I wouldn't use it now.

Personally I run VMs under truenas with ZFS volumes. You get your protection with ZFS and performance with virtio is kinda nuts.

If this is a dedicated machine and you don't ever plan to downgrade, ReFS is better than NTFS for bitrot but that's not saying much. The whole Windows storage subsystem is tragic, I'd run hardware RAID before doing anything with advance storage in windows.

Looking to upgrade my homelab/ NAS. It's running an i5 6th gen and pretty much just runs a through containers. Think hosting Jellyfin, and managing my media and backups.
I need more storage space that my current hardware doesn't support (ex-office PC), is it better for me to:
1. Just build a new dedicated machine that's my NAS/ homelab all in one?
2. Buy some synology box (or build an ultracheap rig) and connect it to my network for NAS, use some competent micro PC to handle containers etc. ie, two seperate computers

I can't imagine my usage of the server would increase, so a micro PC would easily support my needs.

Hopefully someone will be able to guide me here but how the fuck do you download a VM today? Last time I did this for a project this shit was easy and free to do. What the fuck happened and why is Broadcom now demanding my personal data for a download?

>>106259519
just browse the update server

>>106248064
It has a screen, but I don't think plugging a keyboard would do anything. About a serial terminal, I saw you can do it with a special type of cable but it's expensive and I'm a poorfag. The online site you get if you open it's IP in browser apparently allows for "remote control", but I'm not sure if that helps.

The server came without the normal operating system, so I had to use an USB with some firmware from youtube (yikes) to install it.

Approach #2 maybe could work, I will try it if the first one fails, because it might run into compability issues.

If I had access to a serial console it would be easy from that. But I'm not sure if it'd be capable of that without a cable and idk other methods.

Sorry if I weren't much help.

https://voca.ro/1fSJOyzFQJip

The extra noise is fanspin when I held it directly against the back of the QNAP, I was moving my phone around the case during the recording.
Any of you got NAS drives to compare to?
This weird periodic scratching noise is what I'm mostly worried about.

Only does this so often if I'm actively copying something onto it, or if I'm browsing things in the file explorer and if opening a video file / seeking the timeline of it.
If this is normal noise I might just keep these. Still worried about long term use as I'm powering it off daily in the long run.
Is this normal?

QNAP TR-004 + 2x WD RED PLUS 8TB drives.
People keep saying this shit is normal, but idk.
The issue is that it also does this noise idle because of PWL. Rubber / low vibration stuff under it doesn't help as the noise is the major part of it.

TL:DR; please tell me if the noises these drives make is normal. Feels like thump+scratch.
I might just return all this and buy 4TB SSDs for the price...

Tiny room, no other place to keep it too. Please advise.

>>106248344
>1 day ago
He's dead isn't he?

>>106260045
Sidenote as I'm browsing a folder in windows explorer with 100gigs of videos it also hangs a bit every time it makes the noise.
I assume it moves the head or something, but still no idea if this is normal as I only got 2TB WD Blues to compare and they are fine.

>>106259261
Unnecessarily long story short, I had a refs pool I made to test it out fail and become unrecoverable within *literally* 30 minutes of creating it using a couple known good drives (that I'm still using elsewhere to this day) for literally no discernible reason while I was loading it up with data (luckily I copied it rather than moving it so I didn't lose anything). Ntfs recovery tools do not work on it because it's a completely different fs of course and the only one available at the time was micrococks own recovery program which failed to recover the pool or volume. 100% refuse to use it since then. It did have redundancy by the way, I forget how many drives but at least 1, but it wasn't a drive failure something happened where the whole thing just shit out at once.

>>106260729
That's less ReFS and more the absolute state of softraid on Windows.

>>106260941
I have a dynamic disk raid5 volume I made all the way back in fucking VISTA still running to this day on the same exact original drives with precisely 0 issues in w10. It's refs.